Samaneh Sabouri; Mohsen Foroughipour; Elaheh Emadi; Daryoush Hamidi Alamdari
Abstract
Introduction: In multiple sclerosis (MS), oxidative stress (OS) performs a vital role in the neurodegeneration process. Cholesterol and lipids in the myelin sheath supplied by low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are also vital for nerve cells. In OS, lipid peroxidation occurs in LDL. Objective: To investigate ...
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Introduction: In multiple sclerosis (MS), oxidative stress (OS) performs a vital role in the neurodegeneration process. Cholesterol and lipids in the myelin sheath supplied by low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are also vital for nerve cells. In OS, lipid peroxidation occurs in LDL. Objective: To investigate the OS biomarker such as prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), malondialdehyde (MDA) and their correlation with LDL and oxidized LDL (Oxi-LDL) in patients with relapsing-remitting MS.Methods: Blood samples from 18 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 18 healthy subjects were collected to measure the OS biomarkers.Results: In the patients' group in comparison to the control group: PAB, white blood cells (WBC), and neutrophils significantly increased (P<0.05), but there was no difference between the relapsing and remitting phase; MDA significantly increased in the relapsing phase (P=0.013), but marginally significant in remitting (P=0.068). There was no significant difference in LDL and Oxi-LDL between the two groups. Only the lymphocytes were different between the relapse and remission phases. Conclusion: The importance of OS in the process of MS disease was confirmed and a PAB assay can be used for the determination of OS levels.
Forough Rakhshanizadeh; Farhad Heydarian; Elahe Heidari; Lida Jarahi; hassan kani
Abstract
Objective: An imbalance has been reported in the oxidant-antioxidant system of infants with febrile convulsion. This study aimed to compare serum vitamin C levels between febrile children with or without seizures. Materials and Method: This multicenter case-control study was conducted on febrile infants ...
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Objective: An imbalance has been reported in the oxidant-antioxidant system of infants with febrile convulsion. This study aimed to compare serum vitamin C levels between febrile children with or without seizures. Materials and Method: This multicenter case-control study was conducted on febrile infants and children who were referred to the pediatric emergency wards of Mashhad University of Medical Science. The subjects were equally divided into two febrile groups of case (with seizure) and control (without seizures). Visible Spectrophotometer was used to determine the total vitamin C level.Results: In total, 100 febrile children were included in this study. Based on the results, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender, and family history of febrile convulsion (FC) (P>0.05). The mean vitamin C levels in the case and control groups were 42.73±7.2 and 78.59±11.1 µg/l, respectively. There was a significant difference between the groups regarding the vitamin C level (P<0.001). Regression analysis revealed that age (P=0.74), gender (P=0.66), and family history of febrile convulsion (P=0.52) had not any correlation with vitamin C levels. On the other hand, the vitamin C levels was associated with FC (P=0.001).Conclusion: The serum levels of vitamin C in the children with febrile seizure were lower than those in the control group. Thus, the reduced vitamin C levels can be considered as a predisposing factor for FC.
Saeedeh Talebi; Payam Sharifan; Andisheh Norouzian Ostad; Seyedeh-Elaheh Shariati; AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf; Mehdi Barati; Malihe Aghasizadeh; Sahar ghoflchi; Hamideh Ghazizadeh; Niloofar Shabani; Gordon A. Ferns; Hamid Reza Rahimi; majid Ghayour
Abstract
Introduction: Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), as widely used as a medicinal herb and is brewed beverages, and has been used for the treatment of several conditions. The evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies suggests that chamomile and its many flavonoid components have anti-oxidant ...
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Introduction: Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), as widely used as a medicinal herb and is brewed beverages, and has been used for the treatment of several conditions. The evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies suggests that chamomile and its many flavonoid components have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review aimed to provide an overview of the chemical constituents of chamomile and the effectiveness of the chamomile preparations and several of its constituents for the treatment of several medical conditions. Methods: The present comprehensive review study was conducted by searching electronic databases including Scopus, Web of Sciences, Embase, and PubMed, using relevant keywords. Results: Both animal and human studies indicate the positive effects of chamomile on the antioxidant enzyme activity. However, the mechanisms involved in the action of chamomile against the production of ROS remain still unknown. When it comes to its anti-inflammatory properties, a number of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigations have been reported regarding to the selective inhibition of COX-2, suppression of NO production, prevention of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα-induced NO levels, reduction of iNOS mRNA and protein expression, impediment of leukocyte adhesion and adhesion protein up-regulation in human endothelial cells, and blockage of IL-1 α-induced prostaglandin production, TNF-α-induced IL-6 and IL-8 release. Conclusions: Current studies suggest that chamomile and its flavonoid components have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. On the basis of the existing evidences, chamomile appears to ameliorate several diseases caused by oxidative stress as well as inflammatory reactions.
Soheila Pourmasumi; Parvin Sabeti
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the level of ROS and antioxidants. Sperm membranes are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and are very sensitive to increased free radicals. Increasing the level of ROS can lead to an increase in lipid peroxidation in sperm membrane, decrease in their flexibility, ...
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Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the level of ROS and antioxidants. Sperm membranes are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and are very sensitive to increased free radicals. Increasing the level of ROS can lead to an increase in lipid peroxidation in sperm membrane, decrease in their flexibility, and ultimately a decrease in sperm motility. Also, oxidative stress may impair sperm axonemal and mitochondrial function, as well as DNA integrity, RNA and protein synthesis. Several studies have shown that antioxidants are beneficial to human health and are used to prevent cancer and coronary artery disease. Based on the present review, there are more documents in protective effects of antioxidants on sperm cells. Studies showed adding in vitro antioxidants to sperm samples can increase sperm parameters such as sperm motility, morphology and decrease sperm membrane lipid peroxidation and sperm DNA damage. Also in vivo or oral antioxidants supplementation has protective effects on sperm from ROS negative effects. Since the causes of infertility are various, the lack of antioxidants action in reducing the sperm DNA damage, the level of antioxidant activity depends on the type, dose and duration of intake, so more studies are needed to determine the appropriate antioxidant type, the dosage and timing of administration in vivo and in vitro.
Mostafa Delshad; Azita Fesharakinia; Samaneh Eghbal
Abstract
Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) that can affect any part of the urinary tract and may subsequently lead to kidney infection is linked with variety of causative factors such as oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to systematically review the literatures to evaluate the effects of oxidative ...
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Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) that can affect any part of the urinary tract and may subsequently lead to kidney infection is linked with variety of causative factors such as oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to systematically review the literatures to evaluate the effects of oxidative stress on UTI. Method: PubMed and Google scholar were searched systematically using the key terms, “oxidative stress” and “urinary tract infection” in the title, keywords, and abstract on February 2015 to find articles in which the oxidative stresses had been evaluated in children with urinary tract infection (UTI). Papers were excluded if they were unrelated to the purpose of this study, or in language other than English. Full texts of the relevant documents were fully reviewed for data extraction.Result: Of overall 50 articles from PubMed, and 6 records found in Google scholar, only 8 articles met the inclusion criteria for further assessment. Additionally, three papers were omitted due to full texts unavailability or language irrelevancy, and five articles, which fully met the inclusion criteria, were used for data extraction. The results showed that the level of antioxidant decreases significantly in patients with UTI, while the markers of oxidative stress increases.Conclusions: The results of the studies showed that the level of antioxidants decreases in patients with UTI, while lipid peroxidase and the level of oxidative stress biomarkers such as malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species increase. These findings are suggestive of an association between oxidative stress and UTI. The role of oxidative stress in pediatric urinary tract infections: a systematic review
Fariba Rezaeetalab; Daryush Hamidi alamdari; Asghar Dalili
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterised by partially reversible contracture of small respiratory airways seems to be among leading causes of death in the world. COPD is characterized by inflammation, protease/antiprotease imbalance, genetic variability and oxidative stress. The latter ...
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterised by partially reversible contracture of small respiratory airways seems to be among leading causes of death in the world. COPD is characterized by inflammation, protease/antiprotease imbalance, genetic variability and oxidative stress. The latter refers to a condition in which oxidative agents overcome against antioxidants. In this review literature, the consequences of oxidative stress in COPD, such as systemic and pulmonary neutrophil influx, hypersecretion, dual and reciprocal effects with inflammatory contributors and systemic manifestations are discussed. In addition, a review of oxidative stress biomarkers as well as therapeutic strategies based on recent researches for antioxidant supplementation therapy is provided.