Nasrin Milani; Mohamad Sajjadi-Manesh; Ehsan Mousa-Farkhani; Ali Taghipour
Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most life-threatening disorders worldwide. Although some examinations have demonstrated an incidental relationship between blood pressure and serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, there have been new exchanges of views with respect to the influence of low ...
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Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most life-threatening disorders worldwide. Although some examinations have demonstrated an incidental relationship between blood pressure and serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, there have been new exchanges of views with respect to the influence of low vitamin D levels in hypertension. This study aims to find out the relationship between hypertension and regular consumption of vitamin D. Methods: A case-control study was conducted with regard to secondary data (SINA system) among people, aged 30 years old or older, registered in 2017-2018. A sample size of 1,500 patients was used comprising of 500 patients with hypertension as the case group and 1,000 people without history of hypertension as the control group. The population was selected randomly. High blood pressure diagnostic criteria were considered in the same manner with the clinical guidelines of the 7th National Joint Committee. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software.Results: Regular consumption of vitamin D had a protective role on hypertension (P value <0.05) and [OR= 0.421 (0.353- 0.505)].Conclusion: By identifying hypertension risk factors, taking measures to prevent it would be more practical and the risk of hypertension can be reduced. An enormous volume of epidemiological and empirical proof is indicative of the fact that vitamin D deficiency can lead to high blood pressure. The present investigation proves that vitamin D supplementary may serve as a convenient method to diminish the risk of progression of increased blood pressure due to its protective effect on blood pressure.
Kazem Saeedi; Ali Taghipour; Ehsan Mousa-Farkhani; Nasrin Milani
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy. Given the importance of the screening and treatment of gestational diabetes for the prevention of maternal and fetal complications, the present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the ...
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Introduction: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy. Given the importance of the screening and treatment of gestational diabetes for the prevention of maternal and fetal complications, the present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the pregnant women covered by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.Methods: This study was conducted on the women with pregnancy intention or confirmed pregnancy, referring to the health centers affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences during March 2017-September 2018. The patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were identified based on the latest WHO criteria in 2013. Data were collected on the conducted experiments and recorded in the integrated health information system (SINA). Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 25 using Chi-square and logistic regression.Results: During the study period, 2,710 women (4.3%) were diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus. The mean age of the patients was 28.5656.379 years. In terms of the influential factors, significant correlations were observed between gestational diabetes mellitus and family history of diabetes (OR=4.278; P<0.0001), history of gestational diabetes mellitus (OR=3.880; P<0.0001), body mass index (OR=2.302; P<0.0001), history of macrosomia (OR=1.656; P<0.003), history of recurrent miscarriage (OR=1.759; P<0.007), and preeclampsia (OR=1.914; P<0.045). Conclusion: According to the results, the prevalence of diabetes in Mashhad city (4.3%) seems to be slightly lower than other areas. Special attention must be paid to the pregnant women with the influential factors of gestational diabetes mellitus through selective screening based on the risk factors of the disease.
Fatemeh Homaei Shandiz; Zahra Hadizadeh Talasaz
Abstract
Air pollution consists of chemicals resulting from many human activities and natural resources, which can cause gene mutations. Almost, it is proven that air pollution contributes to lung cancer and its relationship with other cancers including bladder, cervical cancer, ovary, prostate, brain and breast ...
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Air pollution consists of chemicals resulting from many human activities and natural resources, which can cause gene mutations. Almost, it is proven that air pollution contributes to lung cancer and its relationship with other cancers including bladder, cervical cancer, ovary, prostate, brain and breast cancer is suspected. Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women and the prominent cause of death among them all around the world. Poor prediction of risk factor leads to discovery of more reliable factors. Mammary tumors in animals that are generated by chemicals compounds, give possible mechanisms for effects of environmental pollutants. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to review the available literature for investigating the relation of ambient air pollution and breast cancer. Findings of our study highlight the possibility of increasing in occurrence of breast cancer, developing to invasive cancer and mortality in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women exposed to air pollution.
Roya Narenji Sani; Ali Eshraghi; Somayeh Farokhnejad
Abstract
Today, radiological procedures using intravascular iodinated contrast media are being widely used for the diagnoses and treatment of various diseases, which highlight one of the main etiologies of contrast-induced nephropathy and hospital-acquired renal failure. Contrast-induced nephropathy development ...
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Today, radiological procedures using intravascular iodinated contrast media are being widely used for the diagnoses and treatment of various diseases, which highlight one of the main etiologies of contrast-induced nephropathy and hospital-acquired renal failure. Contrast-induced nephropathy development is associated with longer hospital stay, increase in both short- and long-term morbidity and mortality, in addition to greater health care costs.The pathogenesis of contrast-induced nephropathy has not yet been fully explained in detail; however it is clear that the root concept is medullary hypoxia-induced renal tubular damage.Chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus are the two most important intrinsic predisposing factors to contrast-induced nephropathy. As no treatment can specifically target contrast-induced nephropathy, the main goal for clinicians is prevention of the disease. While the best approach for achieving this goal is still controversial, optimization of the patients’ circulating volume remains the only proven strategy to date. As contrast-induced nephropathy is a potentially preventable clinical condition, its better understanding will lead to better prevention of this disease. Hereby, we aimed to discuss contrast-induced nephropathy from 7 different aspects in clinical practice: 1) clinical aspect, 2) prevalence, 3) pathophysiology, 4) contrast agents and renal cell apoptosis, 5) different contrast media, 6) prevention, and 7) treatment.