ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Teaching Strategy of One Minute Preceptor and its Approaches in the Past Two Decades: Systematic Review
Introduction: In order to know the procedure of one-minute preceptor (OMP) teaching method, the relevant English language articles were searched in 5 databases, namely Clinical Key, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science in-process. Methods: The search process was conducted on the articles published during 2000- August 2017 using the term “one-minute preceptor” in title and abstract. Letter to the editor, articles irrelevant to OMP, articles with no full-text, and duplicate articles were removed from this study. Result: The search result led to the identification of 133 articles. After employing the exclusion criteria, 31 articles remained for detailed analysis. The main outcomes of the investigated studies were categorized into 7 main groups, namely 1. OMP and effectiveness, 2. OMP and develop 3. OMP and SNAPPS, 4. OMP and Traditional Mode, 5. OMP as a teaching tool, 6. OMP and teaching skill, and 7. Teach OMP. The commonly used study designs in the order of frequency were opinion review, and observational without control studies, non-randomized controlled trial, pretest-posttest design, randomized controlled trials, and systematic reviews. The OMP improved processes and outcomes of education. Its effectiveness was in both teaching and patient diagnosis; moreover, it improved the quality of feedback and residents’ teaching skill in the clinical setting. Furthermore, OMP did not show statistically significant improvements in teaching behavior. Conclusion: Results showed that the OMP workshop for faculty staff does not enhance the quality or quantity of residents’ perceptions. There should be a nonstop effort by faculty members to increase the quality of clinical teaching.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_12094_eab072049d201a7a1b32829c23ade894.pdf
2018-12-01
123
131
10.22038/rcm.2018.32851.1240
One minute preceptor
Systematic review
Teaching strategy
Reihaneh
Shagholi
shagholir2@mums.ac.ir
1
Academic Member Imam Khomeini Higher Education Center, Agricultural Research,Education and Extension Organization(AREEO),Karaj,Iran.
AUTHOR
Saeed
Eslami Hasan Abadi
eslamis@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Akram
Moghaddasi
moghaddasia@mums.ac.ir
3
Clinical Development of Ghaem Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Tayyebeh
Sayyadee
sayyadeet@gmail.com
4
Anvari Abivardi EMS Education Center Dargaz, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Maryam
Tayefi
tayefim@mums.ac.ir
5
Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad university of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Bowen JL, Eckstrom E, Muller M, et al. Enhancing the effectiveness of One-Minute Preceptor faculty development workshops. Teach Learn Med. 2006;18:35-41.
1
Irby DM, Aagaard E, Teherani A. Teaching Ppoints identified by preceptors observing one-minute preceptor and traditional preceptor encounters. Acad Med. 2004;79:50-55.
2
Chan LK, Yang J, Irby DM. Application of the One-Minute Preceptor Technique by Novice Teachers in the Gross Anatomy Laboratory. Anat Sci Educ. 2015;8:539-546.
3
Chan LK, Sharma N. Effects of training experienced teachers in the use of the one-minute preceptor technique in the gross anatomy laboratory. Anat Sci Educ. 2014;7:124-129.
4
Chan LK, Wiseman J. Use of the One-Minute Preceptor as a Teaching Tool in the Gross Anatomy Laboratory. Anat Sci Educ. 2011;4:235-238.
5
Pascoe JM, Nixon J, Lang VJ. Maximizing teaching on the wards: Review and application of the one-minute preceptor and SNAPPS models. J Hosp Med. 2015;10:125-130.
6
Teheranti A, O’sullivan P, Aagaard EM, et al. Student perceptions of the one minute preceptor and traditional preceptor models. Med Teach. 2007;29:323-327.
7
Seki M, Otaki J, Breugelmans R, et al. How do case presentation teaching methods affect learning outcomes? SNAPPS and the one-minute preceptor. BMC Med Educ. 2016;16:12.
8
Rashid P, Churchill JA, Gendy R. Improving clinical teaching for busy clinicians: integration of the one-minute preceptor into mini-clinical examination. ANZ J Surg. 2017;87:535-536.
9
Aagaard E, Teherani A, Irby DM. Effectiveness of the one-minute preceptor model for diagnosing the patient and the learner: proof of concept. Acad Med. 2004;79:42-49.
10
Farrell SE, Hopson LR, Wolff M. What’s the evidence: A review of the one minute preceptor model of clinical teaching and implications for teaching in the emergency department? J Emerg Med. 2016;51:278-283.
11
Lockspeiser TM, Kaul P. Applying the one minute preceptor model to pediatric and adolescent gynecology education. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015;28:74-77.
12
Gallagher P, Tweed M, Hanna S. Developing the one-minute preceptor. Clin Teach. 2012;9:358-362.
13
Eckstrom E, Homer L, Bowen JL. Measuring outcomes of a one- minute preceptor faculty development workshop. J Gen Intern Med. 2006;21:410-414.
14
Salerno MS, O’Malley CA, Pangaro NL, et al. Faculty development seminars based on the one preceptor improve feedback in the ambulatory setting. J Gen Intern Med. 2002;17:779-787.
15
Cayley WE Jr. Effective clinical education: strategies for teaching medical students and residents in the office. WMJ. 2011;110:178-81.
16
Bannister SL, Hanson JL, Maloney CG, et al. Using the student case presentation to enhance diagnostic reasoning. Pediatrics. 2011;128:211-213.
17
Jones K, Reis S. Learning through vulnerability: A mentor mentee experience. Ann Fam Med. 2010;8:552-555.
18
Hickie C, Kelly B, Nash L. Development and Use of Scripted Filmed Scenarios to Teach the One-Minute Preceptor Model. Acad Psychiatry. 2017;41:110-113.
19
Post RE, Quattlebaum RG, Benich JJ 3rd. Residents-as-teachers curricula: A critical review. Acad Med. 2009;84:374-380.
20
Weitzel KW, Walters EA, Taylor J. Teaching clinical problem solving: A preceptor’s guide. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2012;69:1588-1599.
21
Bott G, Mohide EA, Lawlor Y. A clinical teaching teachiqe for nurse preceptors: The five minute preceptor. J Prof Nurs. 2011;27:35-42.
22
Sakaguchi RL. Facilitating preceptor and student communication in a dental school teaching clinic. J Dent Educ. 2010;74:36-42.
23
Molodysky E. Clinical teacher training: Maximising the ‘ad hoc’ teaching encounter. Aust Fam Physician. 2007;36:1044-1046.
24
Vaughan EM, Moreno JP, Johnston CA.Utilizing the one-minute preceptor for patient education American. J Lifestyle Med.2015;224-226.
25
Brand MW, Ekambaram V, Tucker P, et al. Residents as teachers: Psychiatry and family medicine residents’ self-assessment of teaching knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Acad Psychiatry. 2013;37:313-316.
26
Ong MM, Woo KM, Cook S. A general survey on learners and faculty perspectives on educational activities held in the National Dental Centre, Singapore.Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare 2016; 25:158-168.
27
Furney SL, Orsini AN, Orsetti KE, et al. Teaching the one minute preceptor a randomized controlled trial. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16:620-624.
28
Ong MM, Yow M, Tan J, et al. Perceived effectiveness of one-minute preceptor in micro skills by residents in dental residency training at National Dental Centre Singapore. Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare 2017; 26:35–41.
29
Amorosa J, Graham MJ, Ratan RB. Medical students as learners: Transforming the resident-level micro skills of teaching into a parallel curriculum for medical students to aid the transition from classroom to OB/GYN clerkship. Educ Health (Abingdon). 2012;25:135-140.
30
Kertis M, The one-minute preceptor: A five-step tool to improve clinical teaching skills. J Nurses Staff Dev. 2007;23:238-242.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Gastric Cancer: Gene and Gene Therapy Beyond
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths across the world. The prevalence of GC varies in different countries and even in various regions of the same country. GC is often sporadic, and the familial type occurs in approximately 10% of the cases. The main risk factors for GC include age, family history, Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking habits, and genetic factors. One of the important altered genes in GC is p53, which is the most frequently mutated gene in this cancer type. P53 is involved in the cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. Moreover, it is considered to be the cellular gatekeeper for cell growth and division and it is referred as the ‘guardian of genome’. Another important gene involved in GC is CDH1, which encodes the epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) protein. E-cadherin is considered to be the main cause of familial GC. Cadherin is a type of cell adhesion molecule, which represents calcium-dependent adhesion and plays a pivotal role in maintaining adherent junctions in the areas of epithelial cell-cell contact. Furthermore, it is suspected to be a tumor suppressor gene for GC. Gene therapy has been increasingly performed on various GC cell lines, including SGC7901 and animal models, some of which will be reviewed in the present study.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_12095_2c2f7a3ba7a3518b0d1b887e847a7d47.pdf
2018-12-01
132
134
10.22038/rcm.2018.32171.1236
Gastric cancer
Gene Therapy
Risk factors
Farzaneh
Iravani
farzaneh.baroon@gmail.com
1
Allergy research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Reza
Iravani
iravanir1@mums.ac.ir
2
Faculty of science, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Majid
Mojarad
arc@mums.as.ir
3
Genetic research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zheng HC, Li J, Shen DF, et al. BTG1 expression correlates with pathogenesis, aggressive behaviors and prognosis of gastric cancer: a potential target for gene therapy. Oncotarget. 2015;6:19685-19705.
1
Ang TL, Fock KM. Clinical epidemiology of gastric cancer. Singapore Med J. 2014;55:621-628.
2
Yildirim M, Kaya V, Demirpence O. Prognostic Significance of p53 in Gastric Cancer: a Meta-Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16:327-332.
3
Busuttil RA, Zapparoli GV, Haupt S, et al. Role of p53 in the progression of gastric cancer. Oncotarget. 2014;5:12016-12026.
4
Cristescu R, Lee J, Nebozhyn M, et al. Molecular analysis of gastric cancer identifies subtypes associated with distinct clinical outcomes. Nat Med. 2015;21:449-456.
5
Orditura M, Galizia G, Sforza V, et al. Treatment of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20:1635-1649.
6
Blaser MJ, Perez-Perez GI, Kleanthous H, et al. Infection with Helicobacter pylori strains possessing cagA is associated with an increased risk of developing adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Cancer Res. 1995;55:2111-2115.
7
Compare D, Rocco A, Nardone G. Risk factors in gastric cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2010;14:302-308.
8
Stomach Cancer Overview 2016. Available from: www.canceradvocacy.org
9
Zali H, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Azodi M. Gastric cancer: prevention, risk factors and treatment. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2011;4:175-185.
10
Hansford S, Kaurah P, Li-Chang H, et al. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome: CDH1 mutations and beyond. JAMA oncol. 2015;1:23-32.
11
Hirano S, Nose A, Hatta K, et al. Calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecules (cadherins): subclass specificities and possible involvement of actin bundles. J Cell Biol. 1987;105(6 Pt 1):2501-25010.
12
Guilford P, Hopkins J, Harraway J, et al. E-cadherin germline mutations in familial gastric cancer. Nature. 1998;392:402-405.
13
Vukobrat-Bijedić Z, Radović S, Husić-Selimović A, et al. Tumor Suppresser Gene p53 Expression in Premalignant Lesions and Gastric Carcinoma Prognostic Value. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2007;7:7-10.
14
Khalighinejad N, Hariri H, Behnamfar O. Adenoviral genetherapy in gastric cancer: A review. World J Gastroenterol. 2008;14:180-184.
15
Kakeji Y, Korenaga D, Tsujitani S, et al. Gastric cancer with p53 overexpression has high potential for metastasising to lymph nodes. Br J Cancer. 1993;67:589-593.
16
Heideman DA. Gene therapy and virotherapy of gastric cancer: preclinical results and clinical developments. Dig Dis. 2004;22:374-379
17
Nielsen LL, Maneval DC. P53 tumor suppressor gene therapy for cancer. Cancer Gene Ther. 1998;5:52-63.
18
Steele RJ, Lane DP. Gene therapy for gastric cancer: problems and prospects. Surg Oncol. 2000;9:13-16.
19
Fu YG, Qu YJ, Wu KC, et al. Apoptosis-inducing effect of recombinant Caspase-3 expressed by constructed eukaryotic vector on gastric cancer cell line SGC7901. World J Gastroenterol. 2003;9:1935-1939.
20
Zheng SY, Li DC, Zhang ZD, et al. Adenovirus-mediated FasL gene transfer into human gastric carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11:3446-3450.
21
Zhang J, Fu YC, Kang CS, et al. Inhibitory effects of targeting protein kinase B1 and cyclooxygenase-2 shRNA upon human gastric adenocarcinoma cell growth. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi. 2009;89:2292-2295.
22
Zhang H, Gong J, Kong D. Anti-proliferation effects of Twist gene silencing in gastric cancer SGC7901 cells. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21:2926-2936
23
Zhou PH, Zheng JB, Wei GB, et al. Lentivirus-mediated RASSF1A expression suppresses aggressive phenotypes of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Gene Ther. 2015;22:793-801.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Prospect of Molecular Epidemiology of Brucella Species in Iran
Human brucellosis and its prevalence are directly correlated with the presence of animal infections in various regions. The infections associated with Brucella species have been reported in numerous animals. The incidence of these infections has recently increased in the endemic regions in Iran, including Zagros areas and the northeast of the country. Therefore, there have been difficulties in the diagnosis of the infectious cases since there is the possibility of encountering resistant strains. Furthermore, the spread of immerging strains is among the challenges that rapidly affect animals, even vaccinated livestock. Antibiotic-resistant strains are important in livestock since drug resistance may rapidly spread to humans. Therefore, continuous investigation is required in the case of drug resistance or immerging strains. Conventional typing procedures are no longer used due to several difficulties. Identifying the type of Brucella could provide adequate data on epidemiological surveillance, investigation of the infection outbreaks, tracking the diseases, identifying the immerging types, reviewing the success rate of eradicating the infections, and examining the outbreaks in the endemic areas. The reports regarding the application of molecular typing methods are still under development. Extensive research has been focused on the typing of brucellosis, proposing controversial results and aiming to improve the applied procedures. This review aimed to assess the ability of the introduced molecular methods and their status for identification and typing procedures. In addition, the frequency and distribution of Brucella species and subspecies have been investigated.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_12096_097467a5e5f3ed1b69930a2f2cab48b9.pdf
2018-12-01
130
132
10.22038/rcm.2018.34925.1248
Brucellosis
Epidemiology
Molecular Methods
Massoud
Hajia
massoudhajia@yahoo.com
1
Department of Molecular Biology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hajia M, Rahbar M, Keramat F. Epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and treatment aspects of hospitalized brucellosis patients in Hamadan. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2009;2:42-45.
1
Zowghi E, Ebadi A, Yarahmadi M. Isolation and identification of Brucella organisms in Iran. Iran J Clin Infect Dis. 2008;3:185-188.
2
Kaveh M. Brucellosis in general. Revue de la Facultate de medicine veterinaire de Tehran. 1975;5:17-30.
3
Scholz HC, Vergnaud G. Molecular characterisation of Brucella species. Rev Sci Tech. 2013;32:149-162.
4
Hajia M, Soharbi A. Molecular Diagnostic Methods of Brucellosis: a Note on Pitfalls. Iran J Pathol. 2018;13:294-295.
5
Hajia M, Masjedian F. Looking Again at the Diagnosis of Brucellosis Difficulties in Iran. Iran J Med Microbiol. 2018;12:68-77.
6
Nagalingam M, Shome R, Balamurugan V, et al. Molecular typing of Brucella species isolates from livestock and human. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2012;44:5-9
7
Hajia M. Blood culture of Brucella, challenges and limitations. J Res Med Sci. 2018;23:92.
8
Hajia M, Rahbar M. Isolation of Brucella from blood culture of hospitalized brucellosis patients. Iran J Clin Infect Dis. 2006;1:5-10.
9
Hotez PJ, Savioli L, Fenwick A. Neglected tropical diseases of the Middle East and North Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6:e1475.
10
Dean AS, Crump L, Greter H, et al. Global burden of human brucellosis: a systematic review of disease frequency. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6:e1865.
11
Pakzad R, Pakzad I, Safiri S, et al. Spatiotemporal analysis of brucellosis incidence in Iran from 2011 to 2014 using GIS. Int J Infect Dis. 2018;67:129-136.
12
Galińska EM, Zagórski J. Brucellosis in humans-etiology, diagnostics, clinical forms. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2013;20:233-238.
13
Amirzargar AA, Hassibi M, Maleknejad P, et al. Comparison of diagnostic methods in hospitalized patients with brucellosis in Iran. Inf Dis Clin Pract. 2009;17:239-42.
14
Eales KM, Norton RE, Ketheesan N. Short report: brucellosis in Northern Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010;83:876-878.
15
Feldman KE, Loriaux PM, Saito M, et al. Ex vivo innate immune cytokine signature of enhanced risk of relapsing Brucellosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7:e2424.
16
Lucero NE, Jacob NO, Ayala SM. Unusual clinical presentation of brucellosis caused by Brucella canis. J Med Microbiol. 2005;54:505-508.
17
Jazi FM, Mirnejad R, Piranfar V, et al. Real-time PCR and high-resolution melt analysis methods for detection of pathogenic species of Brucella. J Clin Lab Med. 2017;41:325-331.
18
Piranfar V, Sharif M, Hashemi M, et al. multiplex real-time PCR and high-resolution melt analysis curve from human blood and comparison of results using RFLP. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2015;18:909-914.
19
Mirnejad R, Mohammadi M, Majdi A, et al. Molecular Typing of Brucella melitensis and B. abortus from Human Blood Samples Using PCR-RFLP Method. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2013;6:e7197.
20
Mirnejad R, Doust RH, Kachuei R, et al. Simultaneous detection and differentiates of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis by combinatorial PCR. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2012;5:24-28.
21
Mirnejad R, Mohamadi M, Piranfar V, et al. A duplex PCR for rapid and simultaneous detection of Brucella spp. in human blood samples. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2013;6:453-456.
22
Khamesipour F, Doosti A, Taheri H. Molecular Detection of Brucella spp. in the Semen, Testis and Blood Samples of Cattle and Sheep. J Pure Applied Microbiol. 2013;7: 495-500.
23
Sharifzadeh, A., Doosti, A., Khaksar, K. Simultaneous detection of Brucella spp. and Salmonella abortus ovis by multiplex PCR. Res J Bio Sci. 2008;3:109-111.
24
Pishva E, Salehi R, Hoseini A, et al. Molecular typing of Brucella species isolates from Human and livestock bloods in Isfahan province. Adv Biomed Res. 2015;4:104.
25
Bahmani N, Mirnejad M, Arabestani P, et al. Comparison of RCP-RFLP and PFGE for determining the clonality of Brucella isolates from Human and livestock specimens. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.08.017.
26
Alamian S, Esmaelizad M, Zahraei T. Novel PCR Assay for Detecting Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis. Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2017;8:65-70.
27
Sharifiyazdi H, Haghkhah M, Behroozikhah AM, et al. Bacteriological and molecular investigation of B. melitensis in dairy cows in Iran. Comp Clin Pathol. 2012; 21:269-273.
28
Behzadi MA, Mogheiseh A. Epidemiological survey of Brucella canis infection in different breeds of dogs in Fars province, Iran. Pak Vet J. 2011;32:234-236.
29
Shakerian A, Deo P, Rahimi E, et al. Molecular detection of Brucella melitensisin sheep and goat milk in Iran. Trop J Pharm Res. 2016;15:913–918.
30
Doosti A, Ghasemi Dehkordi P. Application of real-time PCR for identification and differentiation of B. abortus and B.melitensis in cattle. Bulg J Vet Med. 2011;14:109-115.
31
Hajia M, Fallah F, Angoti G, et al. Comparison of methods for diagnosing Brucellosis. Lab Med. 2013;44:29-33.
32
Garshasbi M, Ramazani A, Sorouri R, et al. Molecular detection of Brucella species in patients suspicious of brucellosis from Zanjan, Iran. Braz J Microbiol. 2014;45:533-538.
33
Ashrafganjooyi SH, Saedadeli N, Alamian S, et al. Isolation and biotyping of Brucella spp. from sheep and goats raw milk in southeastern Iran. Trop Biomed. 2017; 34:507–511.
34
Romero C, Gamazo C, Pardo M, et al. Specific detection of Brucella DNA by PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 1995;33:615-617.
35
Baily GG, Krahn JB, Drasar BS, et al. Detection of Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus by DNA amplification. J Trop Med Hyg. 1992;95:271-275.
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Rijpens NP, Jannes G, Van Asbroeck MA, et al. Direct detection of Brucella spp. in raw milk by PCR and reverse hybridization with 16S-23S rRNA spacer probes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996; 62:1683–1688.
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Bricker BJ. PCR as a diagnostic tool for brucellosis. Vet Microbiol. 2002;90:435-446.
38
Keid LB, Soares RM, Vieira NR, et al. Diagnosis of canine brucellosis: comparison between serological and microbiological tests and a PCR based on primers to 16S-23S rDNA interspacer. Vet Res Commun. 2007;31:951-965.
39
Hosseini-Doust SR, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi Z, et al. Detection of brucella abortus by PCR assay and comparison with culture assay. J Military Med. 2005;7:239-244.
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Bounaadja L, Albert D, Chénais B, et al. Real-time PCR for identification of Brucella spp.: a comparative study of IS711, bcsp31 and per target genes. Vet Microbiol. 2009;137:156-164.
41
Moulana Z, Roushan MR, Marashi SM. Evaluation of different primers for detection of Brucella by using PCR method. Electron Physician. 2016;8:3222-3227.
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Leal-Klevezas DS, Martínez-Vázquez IO, López-Merino A, Singlestep PCR for detection of Brucella spp. from blood and milk of infected animals. J Clin Microbiol. 1995;33:3087-3090.
43
Vizcaíno N, Caro-Hernández P, Cloeckaert A, et al. DNA polymorphism in the omp25/omp31 family of Brucella spp.: identification of a 1.7-kb inversion in Brucella cetaceae and of a 15.1-kb genomic island, absent from Brucella ovis, related to the synthesis of smooth lipopolysaccharide. Microbes Infect. 2004;6:821-834.
44
Fekete A, Bantle JA, Halling SM, et al. Amplification fragment length polymorphism in Brucella strains by use of polymerase chain reaction with arbitrary primers. J Bacteriol. 1992;174:7778-7783.
45
Redkar R, Rose S, Bricker B, et al. Real-time detection of Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis. Mol Cell Probes. 2001;15:43-52.
46
Bricker BJ, Halling SM. Enhancement of the Brucella AMOS PCR assay for differentiation of Brucella abortus vaccine strains S19 and RB51. J Clin Microbiol. 1995;33:1640-1642.
47
Hajia M, Safadel N, Samiee SM, et al. Quality Assurance Program for Molecular Medicine Laboratories. Iran J Public Health. 2013;42119-124.
48
Kattar MM, Zalloua PA, Araj GF, et al. Development and evaluation of real-time polymerase chain reaction assays on whole blood and paraffin-embedded tissues for rapid diagnosis of human brucellosis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007;59:23-32.
49
Chen J, Yung X, Changwen KE, et al. Application and evaluation of PFGE and MLVA subtyping methods on Brucella genotype in Guangdong Province,China. Chinese Journal of Zoonoses 2014;:733-738.
50
Hajia M. Molecular epidemiology and surveillance program in Iran; present status, and future prospect. International Journal of Epidemiologic Research. 2018;9(26). In Press.”
51
Kattar MM, Jaafar RF, Araj GF, et al. Evaluation of a multilocus variable number tandem-repeat analysis scheme for typing human Brucella isolates in a region of brucellosis endemicity. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46:3935-3940.
52
García-Yoldi D, Le Fleche P, De Miguel MJ, et al. Comparison of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis with other PCR-based methods for typing Brucella suis isolates. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45:4070-4072.
53
Tiller RV, De BK, Boshra M, et al. Comparison of two multiple locus variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) methods for molecular strain typing human Brucella melitensis isolates from the Middle East. J Clin Microbiol. 2009;47:2226-2231.
54
Le Flèche P, Jacques I, Grayon M, et al. Evaluation and selection of tandem repeat loci for a Brucella MLVA typing assay. BMC Microbiol. 2006;6:9.
55
Ma JY, Wang H, Zhang XF, et al. MLVA and MLST typing of Brucella from Qinghai, China. Infect Dis Poverty. 2016;5:26.
56
Muñoz PM, Boadella M, Arnal M, et al. Spatial distribution and risk factors of Brucellosis in Iberian wild ungulates. BMC Infect Dis. 2010;10:46
57
Salehi M, Salehi R, Rahmani M. Isolation of Brucella abortus Using PCR-RFLP Analysis. Iran J Publ Health. 2006:35;22–27.
58
Li ZJ, Cui BY, Chen H, et al. Molecular typing of Brucella suis collected from 1960s to 2010s in China by MLVA and PFGE. Biomed Environ Sci. 2013;26:504-508.
59
Jiang H, Fan M, Chen J, et al. MLVA genotyping of Chinese human Brucella melitensis biovar 1, 2 and 3 isolates. BMC Microbiol. 2011;11:256.
60
Garofolo G, Di Giannatale E, De Massis F, et al. Investigating genetic diversity of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in Italy with MLVA-16. Infect Genet Evol. 2013;19:59-70.
61
Shome R, Krithiga N, Shankaranarayana PB, et al. Genotyping of Indian antigenic, vaccine, and feld Brucella spp. Using multilocus sequence typing. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2016;10:237-244
62
Ferreira AC, Corrêa de Sá MI, Dias R, et al. MLVA-16 typing of Brucella suis biovar 2 strains circulating in Europe. Vet Microbiol. 2017;210:77-78.
63
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Exercise on Testosterone Level, Heat Shock Protein, and Fertility Potential
In recent years, professional exercise has been significantly expanded among the individuals, especially young ones. According to high-intensity exercise courses, which are necessary for professional exercise, we decided to investigate the effects of high-intensity exercise on testosterone levels, heat shock proteins, and fertility potentials. Findings have shown that the levels of testosterone increase in moderate exercise; however, there are findings about the decrease of testosterone in the athletes who exercise with high intensity. In addition, because the high-intensity training is considered as a stressful condition, the heat shock proteins are activated, and their expression levels are increased that shows the vital role of these essential proteins in eliminating or weakening of that stress. Besides, the parameters, such as sperm quantity, sperm motility, and morphology determine the fertility potential of a person, and studies have shown that high-intensity exercise has harmful effects on these parameters.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_12100_b36226896cb09e2fc62ab03706f7b1c4.pdf
2018-12-01
141
145
10.22038/rcm.2018.31772.1232
Fertility
Heat shock proteins
Testosterone
Sedigheh
Abdollahzadeh Soreshjani
sa.genetic@yahoo.com
1
Department of Basic Science, Molecular Genetics Faculty, Sistan and Baluchestan University, Zahedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Milad
Ashrafizadeh
dvm.milad73@yahoo.com
2
Department of Basic Science, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Tabriz university, Tabriz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sgrò P, Di Luigi L. Sport and male sexuality. J Endocrinol Invest. 2017 ;40:911-23.
1
Vaamonde D, Agarwal A, du Plessis SS, et al. Impact of physical activity and exercise on male reproductive potential: semen alterations. Exercise and human reproduction.Springer: New York, NY, 2016 p. 101-124.
2
Vaamonde D, Garcia-Manso JM, Hackney AC. Impact of physical activity and exercise on male reproductive potential: a new assessment questionnaire. Rev Andal Med Deport. 2017;10:79-93.
3
Jóźków P, Rossato M. The impact of intense exercise on semen quality. Am J Mens Health. 2017;11:654-662.
4
Gaskins AJ, Mendiola J, Afeiche M, et al. Physical activity and television watching in relation to semen quality in young men. Br J Sports Med. 2015;49:265-270.
5
Barazani Y, Katz BF, Nagler HM, et al. Lifestyle, environment, and male reproductive health. Urol Clin North Am. 2014;41:55-66.
6
Sontag EM, Samant RS, Frydman J. Mechanisms and functions of spatial protein quality control. Annu Rev Biochem. 2017;86:97-122.
7
Gidalevitz T, Prahlad V, Morimoto RI. The stress of protein misfolding: from single cells to multicellular organisms. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2011;3(6). pii: a009704.
8
Kampinga HH, Hageman J, Vos MJ, et al. Guidelines for the nomenclature of the human heat shock proteins. Cell Stress Chaperones. 2009;14:105-111.
9
Ciocca DR, Arrigo AP, Calderwood SK. Heat shock proteins and heat shock factor 1 in carcinogenesis and tumor development: an update. Arch Toxicol. 2013;87:19-48.
10
Kakkar V, Meister-Broekema M, Minoia M, et al. Barcoding heat shock proteins to human diseases: looking beyond the heat shock response. Dis Model Mech. 2014;7:421-434.
11
Georgopoulos C, Welch WJ. Role of the major heat shock proteins as molecular chaperones. Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1993;9:601-634.
12
Ahmadi Z, Ashrafizadeh M. Downregulation of Osteocalcin Gene in Chickens Treated with Lead Acetate II. IBBJ. 2018; 4 (4)/;in press.
13
Rafiei H, Ahmadi Z, Ashrafizadeh M. Effects of Orally Administered Lead acetate II on Rat Femur Histology, Mineralization Properties and Expression of Osteocalcin Gene. IBBJ. 2018;4(3):in press.
14
Ashrafizadeh M, Rafiei H, Ahmadi Z. Histological Changes in the Liver and Biochemical Parameters of Chickens Treated with Lead Acetate II. Iran J Toxicol. 2018;12:1-5.
15
Rafiei H, Ashrafizadeh M. Expression of Collagen Type II and Osteocalcin Genes in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Rats Treated with Lead acetate II. Iran J Toxicol. 2018;12:35-40.
16
Kregel KC. Invited review: heat shock proteins: modifying factors in physiological stress responses and acquired thermotolerance. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002;92:2177-2186.
17
Febbraio MA, Ott P, Nielsen HB, et al. Exercise induces hepatosplanchnic release of heat shock protein 72 in humans. J Physiol. 2002;544:957-62.
18
Liu Y, Lormes W, Baur C, et al. Human skeletal muscle HSP70 response to physical training depends on exercise intensity. Int J Sports Med. 2000;21:351-355.
19
Davidson JF, Schiestl RH. Mitochondrial respiratory electron carriers are involved in oxidative stress during heat stress inSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 2001;21:8483-8489.
20
Rizhsky L, Liang H, Mittler R. The combined effect of drought stress and heat shock on gene expression in tobacco. Plant Physiol. 2002;130:1143-1151.
21
Ciocca G, Limoncin E, Carosa E, et al. Is testosterone a food for the brain?. Sex Med Rev. 2016;4:15-25.
22
Andersen ML, Alvarenga TF, Mazaro-Costa R, et al. The association of testosterone, sleep, and sexual function in men and women. Brain Res. 2011;1416:80-104.
23
Di Luigi L, Guidetti L, Baldari C, et al. Heredity and pituitary response to exercise-related stress in trained men. Int J Sports Med. 2003;24:551-558.
24
Vaamonde D, Da Silva-Grigoletto ME, García-Manso JM, et al. Response of semen parameters to three training modalities. Fertil Steril. 2009;92:1941-1946.
25
Noble EG. Heat shock proteins and their induction with exercise. Exercise and stress response: CRC Press; 2002.p. 49-84.
26
Paulsen G, Ramer Mikkelsen U, Raastad T, et al. Leucocytes, cytokines and satellite cells: what role do they play in muscle damage and regeneration following eccentric exercise?. Exerc Immunol Rev. 2012;18:42-97.
27
Fehrenbach E, Niess AM, Voelker K, et al. Exercise intensity and duration affect blood soluble HSP72. Int J Sports Med. 2005;26:552-557.
28
Morton JP, MacLaren DP, Cable NT, et al. Time course and differential responses of the major heat shock protein families in human skeletal muscle following acute nondamaging treadmill exercise. J Appl Physiol. 2006;101:176-182.
29
Milne KJ, Thorp DB, Melling CW, et al. Castration inhibits the exercise-induced accumulation of Hsp70 in male rodent hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006;290:H1610-1616.
30
Demirel HA, Hamilton KL, Shanely RA, et al. Age and attenuation of exercise-induced myocardial HSP72 accumulation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003;285:H1609-1615.
31
Gjøvaag TF, Dahl HA. Effect of training and detraining on the expression of heat shock proteins in m. triceps brachii of untrained males and females. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2006;98:310-322.
32
Koh TJ, Escobedo J. Cytoskeletal disruption and small heat shock protein translocation immediately after lengthening contractions. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2004;286:C713-722.
33
Milne KJ, Noble EG. Exercise-induced elevation of HSP70 is intensity dependent. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002;93:561-568.
34
O’Neill DE, Aubrey FK, Zeldin DA, et al. Slower skeletal muscle phenotypes are critical for constitutive expression of Hsp70 in overloaded rat plantaris muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2006;100:981-987.
35
Helmbrecht K, Zeise E, Rensing L. Chaperones in cell cycle regulation and mitogenic signal transduction: a review. Cell Prolif. 2000;33:341-365.
36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cystic Fibrosis-associated Liver Disease: A Review Article
Cystic fibrosis-associated liver disease (CFLD) is an important aspect of cystic fibrosis (CF), which manifests with various signs and symptoms. Lack of specific examinations for CFLD have made the diagnostic process of the disease time-consuming, and the disease is often identified after severe progress. Finding the associations between the outcomes of various clinical, biochemical, and sonography examinations could help specialists identify the disease in a timely manner. This review study aimed to determine the correlations between the outcomes of various diagnostic approaches based on the current literature. According to the literature, some studies have reported correlations between various diagnostic approaches, while other studies have reported no associations in this regard. This discrepancy could be due to the various manifestations associated with CF.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_12236_b7bf4c497d488769657c590d66b7ab63.pdf
2018-12-01
146
149
10.22038/rcm.2019.29624.1227
Cystic fibrosis
Diagnostic Methods
Liver disease
Hamid Reza
Kianifar
kianifarhr@mums.ac.ir
1
Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Yalda
Rezaei
rezaeiy961@mums.ac.ir
2
Students Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Khakshour
khakshoura@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Pediatrics, Akbar Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hassan
Karami
karamih@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
AUTHOR
Maryam
Khalesi
khalesim@mums.ac.ir
5
Department of Pediatrics, Akbar Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyed Ali
Jafari
jafaria@mums.ac.ir
6
Department of Pediatrics, Akbar Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad Ali
kiani
kianima@mums.ac.ir
7
Department of Pediatrics, Akbar Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Veda
Vakili
vakiliv@mums.ac.ir
8
Department of Pediatrics, Akbar Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Seyed Ali
Alamdaran
alamdarana@mums.ac.ir
9
Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Elborn JS. Cystic fibrosis. The Lancet.388:2519-2531.
1
Knapp EA, Fink AK, Goss CH, et al. The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry. Design and methods of a national observational disease registry. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2016;13:1173-1179.
2
Paranjape SM, Mogayzel PJ Jr. Cystic fibrosis in the era of precision medicine. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2018;25:64-72.
3
Woodruff SA, Sontag MK, Accurso FJ, et al. Prevalence of elevated liver enzymes in children with cystic fibrosis diagnosed by newborn screen. J Cyst Fibros. 2017;16:139-145.
4
Debray D, Narkewicz MR, Bodewes FA, et al. Cystic Fibrosis–related Liver Disease: Research Challenges and Future Perspectives. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017;65:443-448.
5
Ciucă IM, Pop L, Tămaş L, et al. Cystic fibrosis liver disease-from diagnosis to risk factors. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2014;55:91-95.
6
Klotter V, Gunchick C, Siemers E, et al. Assessment of pathologic increase in liver stiffness enables earlier diagnosis of CFLD: Results from a prospective longitudinal cohort study. PloS one. 2017;12:e0178784.
7
Bravo AA, Sheth SG, Chopra S. Liver biopsy. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:495-500.
8
Friedrich-Rust M, Schlueter N, Smaczny C, et al. Non-invasive measurement of liver and pancreas fibrosis in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros. 2013;12:431-439.
9
Leeuwen L, Fitzgerald DA, Gaskin KJ. Liver disease in cystic fibrosis. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2014;15:69-74.
10
Colombo C, Battezzati PM, Crosignani A, et al. Liver disease in cystic fibrosis: a prospective study on incidence, risk factors, and outcome. Hepatology. 2002;36:1374-1382.
11
Leung DH, Narkewicz MR. Cystic Fibrosis-related cirrhosis. J Cyst Fibros. 2017;16:S50-S61.
12
Parisi GF, Di Dio G, Franzonello C, et al. Liver disease in cystic fibrosis: an update. Hepat Mon. 2013;13:e11215.
13
Mayer-Hamblett N, Kloster M, Ramsey BW, et al. Incidence and clinical significance of elevated liver function tests in cystic fibrosis clinical trials. Contemp Clin Trials. 2013;34:232-238.
14
Akata D, Akhan O. Liver manifestations of cystic fibrosis. Eur J Radiol. 2007;61:11-17.
15
Williams SM, Goodman R, Thomson A, et al. Ultrasound evaluation of liver disease in cystic fibrosis as part of an annual assessment clinic: a 9-year review. Clin Radiol. 2002;57:365-370.
16
Tanner MS, Taylor CJ. Liver disease in cystic fibrosis. Arch Dis Child. 1995;72:281-284.
17
Mueller-Abt PR, Frawley KJ, Greer RM, et al. Comparison of ultrasound and biopsy findings in children with cystic fibrosis related liver disease. J Cyst Fibros. 2008;7:215-221.
18
Ling SC, Wilkinson JD, Hollman AS, et al. The evolution of liver disease in cystic fibrosis. Arch Dis Child. 1999;81:129-132.
19
Staufer K, Halilbasic E, Trauner M, et al. Cystic fibrosis related liver disease—another black box in hepatology. Int J Mol Sci. 2014;15:13529-13549.
20
Leung DH, Ye W, Molleston JP, et al. Baseline ultrasound and clinical correlates in children with cystic fibrosis. J Pediatr. 2015;167:862-868.e2.
21
Leeuwen L, Magoffin AK, Fitzgerald DA, et al. Cholestasis and meconium ileus in infants with cystic fibrosis and their clinical outcomes. Arch Dis Child. 2014;99:443-447.
22
Colombo C. Liver disease in cystic fibrosis. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2007;13:529-536.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Overview of Seizure and Epilepsy Syndromes and Their Multidisciplinary Management
Abnormal hyperexcitable electrical discharges of the cerebral cortex lead to the disturbance between the inhibitory and excitatory balance of the neural network. Seizure is caused by four main mechanisms, including metabolic, structural, inflammatory, and infectious mechanisms. Seizures are classified as partial and generalized based on the isolation in a specific area in one brain hemisphere or passing through the nerve fibers and spreading to the other hemisphere as well. Epilepsy is defined as the occurrence of more than two unprovoked and unpredicted repeated seizures. Epilepsy affects more than three million individuals in the United States and approximately 50 million individuals worldwide. Epilepsy may be of an unknown origin, while it could also be associated with certain syndromes. General and specific approaches to seizure treatment encompass a wide range of factors. The general approach should be focused on reassurance and raising the awareness of the patients and their family, and the specific treatment is focused on utilizing pharmacological and surgical approaches. In general, the surgical approaches used for medication-refractory seizures are both palliative and curative, showing promising results if the epileptogenic area is localized using a multidisciplinary approach via live video-electroencephalography monitoring or direct intracranial electrode placement. In addition, the utilization of live modern imaging modalities coupled with surgical approaches could enhance the success rate of the treatment and increase the seizure-free duration.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_12263_25c985a681db2f1d529a1696526302ce.pdf
2018-12-01
150
155
10.22038/rcm.2019.25805.1213
Callosotomy
Electroencephalography
Seizure
Alireza
zali
zali.alireza@sbmu.ac.ir
1
Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohad Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
AmirSaied
seddighi
seddighi.amirsaied@sbmu.ac.ir
2
Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohad Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Amir
Nikouei
nikouei.amir@sbmu.ac.ir
3
Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohad Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Afsoun
Seddighi
afsounseddighi@gmail.com
4
Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohad Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Huff JS, Fountain NB. Pathophysiology and definitions of seizures and status epilepticus. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2011;29:1-13.
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Cooray GK, Sengupta B, Douglas P, et al. Characterising seizures in anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis with dynamic causal modelling. Neuroimage. 2015;118:508-519.
3
Lefter S, Costello DJ, McNamara B, et al. Clinical and EEG features of seizures in adults with down syndrome. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2011;28:469-473
4
Treiman DM. GABAergic mechanisms in epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2001;42 Suppl 3:8-12.
5
Liu S, Yu W, Lü Y. The causes of new-onset epilepsy and seizures in the elderly. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2016;12:1425-1434.
6
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7
Silbert PL, Stewart-Wynne EG. Seizures and giant cell temporal arteritis: what is the relationship?. Aust N Z J Med. 1992;22:307.
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Seddighi A, Seddighi AS, Nikouei A, et al. Psychological aspects in brain tumor patients: A prospective study. Hell J Nucl Med. 2015;18:63-67.
15
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20
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21
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30