ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on ventricular function and cardiac risk factors in obese patients: a systematic review
Introduction: Weight gain and obesity are two important public health problems, which are associated with many diseases such as cardiovascular disorders. Various policies such as bariatric surgery have been proposed for the treatment of morbid obesity. Methods: PubMed and Scopus were searched thoroughly with the following search terms (roux-en-y gastric bypass surgery) AND (ventricular function, OR cardiac risk factors OR heart)) AND (BMI OR body mass index) to find the articles in which the effect of roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery had been evaluated in severely obese patients.Result: Out of 120 articles which were found in PubMed, and 28 records which were found in Scopus, only 18 articles fully met the inclusion criteria. Out of 2740 participants in the included studied, 1706 were patients with body mass index (BMI) over 40 kg/m2 who had undergone RYGB surgery, and 1034 were control participants. Results of the studies showed that RYGB surgery could reduce BMI, and cardiac risk factors, and improve diastolic function, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and aortic function, postoperatively.Discussion: Obesity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, impaired cardiac function, and hypertension. It is shown that RYGB surgery reduces the serum level of biochemical markers of cardiac diseases. Cardiac structure, parasympathetic indices of autonomic function, coronary circulatory function, hypertension, epicardial fat thickness, and ventricular performance improve after bariatric surgery.Conclusions: It is concluded that RYGB surgery is an effective strategy to improve ventricular function and cardiac risk factors in morbid obese patients.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6354_33dd732ec2f3fb8a61fd0b70cc72e9f8.pdf
2016-04-01
38
42
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.001
Body mass index
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Ventricular function
Alireza
Abdollahi Moghaddam
1
Department of Cardiology, Imam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Jangjoo
jangjooa@mums.ac.ir
2
Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Fereshteh
Ghaderi
ghaderif@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Cardiology, Imam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Majid
Erfanzadeh
4
Department of Cardiology, Imam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Noria SF, Grantcharov T. Biological effects of bariatric surgery on obesity-related comorbidities. Can J Surg. 2013;56:47-57.
1
Organization WH. Obesity and Overweight. Fact Sheet No. 311. September 2006. Online document at: www who int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/index html Accessed September. 2010;13.
2
Braunwald E, Bonow RO. Braunwald’s heart disease : a textbook of cardiovascular medicine. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2012.
3
Wilson PW, D’Agostino RB, Sullivan L, et al. Overweight and obesity as determinants of cardiovascular risk: the Framingham experience. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162:1867-1872.
4
Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA. 2003;289:76-79.
5
Krauss RM, Winston M, Fletcher BJ, et al. Obesity : impact on cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 1998;98:1472-1476.
6
Fontaine KR, Redden DT, Wang C, et al. Years of life lost due to obesity. JAMA. 2003;289:187-193.
7
Sjostrom L, Lindroos AK, Peltonen M, et al. Lifestyle, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors 10 years after bariatric surgery. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:2683-2693.
8
Steinbrook R. Surgery for severe obesity. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:1075-1079.
9
Rubino F. Bariatric surgery: effects on glucose homeostasis. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2006;9:497-507.
10
Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. Annals Intern Med. 2009;151:W-65-W-94.
11
McCloskey CA, Ramani GV, Mathier MA, et al. Bariatric surgery improves cardiac function in morbidly obese patients with severe cardiomyopathy. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2007;3:503-507.
12
Ikonomidis I, Mazarakis A, Papadopoulos C, et al. Weight loss after bariatric surgery improves aortic elastic properties and left ventricular function in individuals with morbid obesity: a 3-year follow-up study. J Hypertens. 2007;25:439-447.
13
Maser RE, Lenhard MJ, Irgau I, et al. Impact of surgically induced weight loss on cardiovascular autonomic function: one-year follow-up. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15:364-369.
14
Vogel JA, Franklin BA, Zalesin KC, et al. Reduction in predicted coronary heart disease risk after substantial weight reduction after bariatric surgery. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99:222-226.
15
Williams DB, Hagedorn JC, Lawson EH, et al. Gastric bypass reduces biochemical cardiac risk factors. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2007;3:8-13.
16
Ristow B, Rabkin J, Haeusslein E. Improvement in dilated cardiomyopathy after bariatric surgery. J Card Fail. 2008;14:198-202.
17
Kligman MD, Dexter DJ, Omer S, et al. Shrinking cardiovascular risk through bariatric surgery: application of Framingham risk score in gastric bypass. Surgery. 2008;143:533-538.
18
Hinojosa MW, Varela JE, Smith BR, et al. Resolution of systemic hypertension after laparoscopic gastric bypass. J Gastrointest Surg. 2009;13:793-797.
19
Lind L, Zethelius B, Sundbom M, et al. Vasoreactivity is rapidly improved in obese subjects after gastric bypass surgery. Int J Obes. 2009;33:1390-1395.
20
Garza CA, Pellikka PA, Somers VK, et al. Structural and functional changes in left and right ventricles after major weight loss following bariatric surgery for morbid obesity. Am J Cardiol. 2010;105:550-556.
21
Owan T, Avelar E, Morley K, et al. Favorable changes in cardiac geometry and function following gastric bypass surgery: 2-year follow-up in the Utah obesity study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:732-739.
22
Valezi AC, Machado VH. Morphofunctional evaluation of the heart of obese patients before and after bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2011;21:1693-1697.
23
Wasmund SL, Owan T, Yanowitz FG, et al. Improved heart rate recovery after marked weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery: two-year follow up in the Utah Obesity Study. Heart Rhythm. 2011;8:84-90.
24
Maser RE, Lenhard MJ, Peters MB, et al. Effects of surgically induced weight loss by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on cardiovascular autonomic nerve function. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013;9:221-226.
25
Kokkinos A, Alexiadou K, Liaskos C, et al. Improvement in cardiovascular indices after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity. Obes Surg. 2013;23:31-38.
26
Quercioli A, Montecucco F, Pataky Z, et al. Improvement in coronary circulatory function in morbidly obese individuals after gastric bypass-induced weight loss: relation to alterations in endocannabinoids and adipocytokines. Eur Heart J. 2013;34:2063-2073.
27
Aftab H, Risstad H, Sovik TT, et al. Five-year outcome after gastric bypass for morbid obesity in a Norwegian cohort. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2014;10:71-78.
28
Oberbach A, Neuhaus J, Inge T, et al. Bariatric surgery in severely obese adolescents improves major comorbidities including hyperuricemia. Metabolism. 2014;63:242-249.
29
Batsis JA, Romero-Corral A, Collazo-Clavell ML, et al. Effect of weight loss on predicted cardiovascular risk: change in cardiac risk after bariatric surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15:772-784.
30
Priester T, Ault TG, Davidson L, et al. Coronary calcium scores 6 years after bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2015;25:90-96.
31
Liang Z, Wu Q, Chen B, et al. Effect of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2013;101:50-56.
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The relation between oxygen saturation level and retionopathy of prematurity
Introduction: Oxygen therapy used for preterm infant disease might be associated with oxygen toxicity or oxidative stress. The exact oxygen concentration to control and maintain the arterial oxygen saturation balance is not certainly clear. We aimed to compare the efficacy of higher or lower oxygen saturations on the development of severe retinopathy of prematurity which is a major cause of blindness in preterm neonates. Methods: PubMed was searched for obtaining the relevant articles. A total of seven articles were included after studying the titles, abstracts, and the full text of retrieved articles at initial search. Inclusion criteria were all the English language human clinical randomized controlled trials with no time limitation, which studied the efficacy of low versus high oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry in preterm infants.Result: It can be suggested that lower limits of oxygen saturations have higher efficacy at postmesetural age of ≤28 weeks in preterm neonates. This relation has been demonstrated in five large clinical trials including three Boost trials, COT, and Support.Discussion: Applying higher concentrations of oxygen supplementations at mesentural age ≥32 weeks reduced the development of retinopathy of prematurity. Lower concentrations of oxygen saturation decreased the incidence and the development of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm neonates while applied soon after the birth.Conclusions: Targeting levels of oxygen saturation in the low or high range should be performed cautiously with attention to the postmesentural age in preterm infants at the time of starting the procedures.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6355_7a91bd235e8f92451aeab119268d059f.pdf
2016-04-01
43
47
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.002
Oximetry
preterm infants
Retinopathy of prematurity
Mohammad
Gharavi Fard
1
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Alireza
Sabzevari
2
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Touka
Banaee
banaeet@mums.ac.ir
3
Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Lida
Parizad
4
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shin DH, Kong M, Kim SJ, et al. Risk factors and rate of progression for zone I versus zone II type 1 retinopathy of prematurity. J AAPOS. 2014;18:124-128.
1
Patz A, Eastham A, Higginbotham DH, et al. Oxygen studies in retrolental fibroplasia. II. The production of the microscopic changes of retrolental fibroplasia in experimental animals. Am J Ophthalmol. 1953;36:1511-1522.
2
The International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity revisited. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005;123:991-999.
3
Higgins RD, Bancalari E, Willinger M, et al. Executive summary of the workshop on oxygen in neonatal therapies: controversies and opportunities for research. Pediatrics. 2007;119:790-796.
4
Tin W. Oxygen therapy: 50 years of uncertainty. Pediatrics. 2002;110:615-616.
5
Jobe AH, Bancalari E. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163:1723-1729.
6
Ashton N, Ward B, Serpell G. Effect of oxygen on developing retinal vessels with particular reference to the problem of retrolental fibroplasia. Br J Ophthalmol. 1954;38:397-432.
7
Ashton N, Ward B, Serpell G. Role of oxygen in the genesis of retrolental fibroplasia; a preliminary report. Br J Ophthalmol. 1953;37:513-520.
8
Tin W, Milligan D, Pennefather P, et al. Pulse oximetry, severe retinopathy, and outcome at one year in babies of less than 28 weeks gestation. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2001;84:F106-F110.
9
Vanderveen DK, Mansfield TA, Eichenwald EC. Lower oxygen saturation alarm limits decrease the severity of retinopathy of prematurity. J AAPOS. 2006;10:445-448.
10
Wright KW, Sami D, Thompson L, et al. A physiologic reduced oxygen protocol decreases the incidence of threshold retinopathy of prematurity. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2006;104:78-84.
11
Wallace DK, Veness-Meehan KA, Miller WC. Incidence of severe retinopathy of prematurity before and after a modest reduction in target oxygen saturation levels. J AAPOS. 2007;11:170-174.
12
McGregor ML, Bremer DL, Cole C, et al. Retinopathy of prematurity outcome in infants with prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity and oxygen saturation >94% in room air: the high oxygen percentage in retinopathy of prematurity study. Pediatrics. 2002;110:540-544.
13
Gaynon MW1, Stevenson DK, Sunshine P, et al. Landers MB. Supplemental oxygen may decrease progression of prethreshold disease to threshold retinopathy of prematurity. J Perinatol. 1997;17:434-438.
14
Askie LM, Henderson-Smart DJ, Irwig L, et al. Oxygen-saturation targets and outcomes in extremely preterm infants. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:959-967.
15
Supplemental Therapeutic Oxygen for Prethreshold Retinopathy Of Prematurity (STOP-ROP), a randomized, controlled trial. I: primary outcomes. Pediatrics. 2000;105:295-310.
16
Carlo WA, Finer NN, Walsh MC, et al. Target ranges of oxygen saturation in extremely preterm infants. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1959-1969.
17
Stenson BJ, Tarnow-Mordi WO, Darlow BA, et al. Oxygen saturation and outcomes in preterm infants. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:2094-20104.
18
Schmidt B, Whyte RK, Asztalos EV, et al. Effects of targeting higher vs lower arterial oxygen saturations on death or disability in extremely preterm infants: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;309:2111-2120.
19
Pierce EA, Avery RL, Foley ED, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor expression in a mouse model of retinal neovascularization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995;92:905-909.
20
Yancopoulos GD, Davis S, Gale NW, et al. Vascular-specific growth factors and blood vessel formation. Nature. 2000;407:242-248.
21
Okamoto N, Tobe T, Hackett SF, et al. Transgenic mice with increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the retina: a new model of intraretinal and subretinal neovascularization. Am J Pathol. 1997;151:281-291.
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ureteroscopic lithotripsy compared with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in the treatment of urolithiasis
Introduction: Urolithiasis is a common and frequently occurring disease with high recurrence rate. Ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) are two most popular modalities in the treatment of urolithiasis. The efficacy of these two methods is reviewed on the treatment of ureteral stones in this systematic review. Method: PubMed was searched for the relevant randomized control trials (RCTs). Stone-free rate and retreatment rate were extracted from each article as the main outcomes, and Odds ratio was reported in each study.Result: Based on calculated odds ratio of each article, URSL has an odds ratio of 1 for the event of retreatment rate compared with ESWL.Discussion: Performing URSL in the treatment of urolithiasis could be associated with higher stone-free rate and lower retreatment rate; however duration of the surgery seems to be longer during URSL compared with ESWL.Conclusions: There was high discrepancy between included RCTs regarding the study design, stone location, types of ureteroscope, intracorporeal lithotripsy devices, time to follow-up, and surgeon experience, which might affect the decision regarding type of surgery.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6353_668bbd1a86f8f530493309b772246f3e.pdf
2016-04-01
48
52
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.003
Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
Ureteroscopic surgery
Urolithiasis
Mohammad
Asl Zare
1
Department of Urology, Quaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Darabi Mahboob
2
Department of Urology, Quaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ramin
Rahdari
3
Department of Urology, Quaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Argyropoulos AN, Tolley DA. SWL is more cost-effective than ureteroscopy and Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy for ureteric stones: A comparative analysis for a tertiary referral centre. Br J Med Surg Urol. 2010;3:65-71.
1
Hesse A. Reliable data from diverse regions of the world exist to show that there has been a steady increase in the prevalence of urolithiasis. World J Urol. 2005;23:302-303.
2
Bader MJ, Eisner B, Porpiglia F, et al. Contemporary management of ureteral stones. Eur Urol. 2012;61:764-772.
3
Kumar A1, Nanda B, Kumar N, et al. A prospective randomized comparison between shockwave lithotripsy and semirigid ureteroscopy for upper ureteral stones
4
Manzoor S, Hashmi AH, Sohail MA, et al. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) vs. ureterorenoscopic (URS) manipulation in proximal ureteric stone.J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2013;23:726-730.
5
Lopes Neto AC, Korkes F, Silva JL, et al. Prospective randomized study of treatment of large proximal ureteral stones: extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy versus ureterolithotripsy versus laparoscopy. J Urol. 2012;187:164-168.
6
Salem HK. A prospective randomized study comparing shock wave lithotripsy and semirigid ureteroscopy for the management of proximal ureteral calculi. Urology. 2009;74:1216-1221.
7
Lee YH, Tsai JY, Jiaan BP, et al. Prospective randomized trial comparing shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopic lithotripsy for management of large upper third ureteral stones. Urology. 2006;67:480-484.
8
Peschel R, Janetschek G, Bartsch G. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy versus ureteroscopy for distal ureteral calculi: a prospective randomized study. J Urol. 1999;162:1909-1912.
9
Pearle MS, Nadler R, Bercowsky E, et al. Prospective randomized trial comparing shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy for management of distal ureteral calculi. J Urol. 2001;166:1255-1260.
10
Zeng GQ, Zhong WD, Cai YB, et al. Extracorporeal shock-wave versus pneumatic ureteroscopic lithotripsy in treatment of lower ureteral calculi. Asian J Androl.2002;4:303-305.
11
Verze P, Imbimbo C, Cancelmo G, et al. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy vs ureteroscopy as first-line therapy for patients with single, distal ureteric stones: a prospective randomized study. BJU Int. 2010;106:1748-1752.
12
Islam M, Malik A. Ureteroscopic pneumatic versus extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for lower ureteral stones. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2012;22:444-447.
13
Khalil M. Management of impacted proximal ureteral stone: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy versus ureteroscopy with holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy. Urol Ann. 2013;5:88-92.
14
Erturk E, Herrman E, Cockett AT. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for distal ureteral stones. J Urol. 1993;149:1425-1426.
15
Farsi HM, Mosli HA, Alzimaity M, et al. In situ extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for primary ureteric calculi. Urology. 1994;43:776-781.
16
Strohmaier WL, Schubert G, Rosenkranz T, et al. Comparison of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy in the treatment of ureteral calculi: a prospective study. Eur Urol. 1999;36:376-379.
17
Hosking DH, Bard RJ. Ureteroscopy with intravenous sedation for treatment of distal ureteral calculi: a safe and effective alternative to shock wave lithotripsy. J Urol. 1996;156:899-901.
18
Tawfick ER. Treatment of large proximal ureteral stones: extra corporeal shock wave lithotripsy versus semi-rigid ureteroscope with lithoclast.Int Arch Med. 2010;3:3.
19
Kim FJ, Rice KR. Prediction of shockwave failure in patients with urinary tract stones. Curr Opin Urol. 2006;16:88-92.
20
Nadler RB, Stern JA, Kimm S, et al. Coronal imaging to assess urinary tract stone size. J Urol. 2004;172:962-964.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prognostic value of strain and strain rate in the prediction of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic literature review
Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common dysrhythmia postoperatively after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Myocardial strain and strain-rate imaging is used for the assessment of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) as a new echocardiographic method. Methods: PubMed and Scopus were searched thoroughly using the following search terms: (strain and strain rate) AND (atrial fibrillation OR AF) on March 2015 to find English articles in which the strain and strain-rate echocardiographic imaging had been used for the evaluation of AF in patients undergone CABG. Full text of the relevant papers was fully reviewed for data extraction.Result: Of overall 6 articles found in PubMed, 10 records found in Scopus and 4 articles found through reference list search, only 6 papers fully met the inclusion criteria for further assessment and data extraction. The results of strain and strain-rate assessment showed that in total of 542 patients undergoing CABG, POAF occurred in 106 patients. Studies showed that the reduction of left atrial (LA) strain rate is correlated with AF. Consistently, the results of present review showed that LA strain and strain-rate in patients who developed AF postoperatively after CABG are significantly reduced, suggesting that strain and strain-rate could be a predictor of POAF.Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, strain and strain-rate is a suitable and accurate echocardiographic technique in the assessment of left atrial function , and it might be helpful to detect the patients who are at high risk of POAF.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6356_73fe8a8a31f551163266ea8ef7e3d512.pdf
2016-04-01
53
57
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.004
Atrial fibrillation
Coronary artery bypass grafting
echocardiography
Leila
Bigdelu
bigdelul@mums.ac.ir
1
Department of Cardiology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Afsoon
Fazlinejad
fazlinejada@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Cardiology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Azari
azaria@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Somaye
Bakefayat
bakefayats901@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of Cardiology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Marzie
Farazandeh
m.f.52@mihanmail.ir
5
Department of Cardiology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP, et al. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2004;110:1042-1046.
1
Levy D, Kannel WB. Postoperative atrial fibrillation and mortality: do the risks merit changes in clinical practice? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:749-751.
2
Alqahtani AA. Atrial fibrillation post cardiac surgery trends toward management. Heart Views. 2010;11:57-63.
3
Villareal RP, Hariharan R, Liu BC, et al. Postoperative atrial fibrillation and mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:742-748.
4
Mariscalco G, Klersy C, Zanobini M, et al. Atrial fibrillation after isolated coronary surgery affects late survival. Circulation. 2008;118:1612-1618.
5
Darby AE, Dimarco JP. Management of atrial fibrillation in patients with structural heart disease. Circulation. 2012;125:945-957.
6
Mann CJ, Kendall S, Lip GY. Acute management of atrial fibrillation with acute haemodynamic instability and in the postoperative setting. Heart. 2007;93:45-47.
7
Haghjoo M, Basiri H, Salek M, et al. Predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J. 2008;8:94-101.
8
Verdejo H, Roldan J, Garcia L, et al. Systemic vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 predicts the occurrence of post-operative atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol. 2011;150:270-276.
9
Danis R, Ozmen S, Akin D, et al. Predictive Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis. Dial Transplant. 2008;37:58-66.
10
Van holten TC, Waanders LF, De groot PG, et al. Circulating biomarkers for predicting cardiovascular disease risk; a systematic review and comprehensive overview of meta-analyses. PLoS One. 2013;8:e62080.
11
Nakai T, Lee RJ, Schiller NB, et al. The relative importance of left atrial function versus dimension in predicting atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Am Heart J. 2002;143:181-186.
12
Leung JM, Bellows WH, Schiller NB. Impairment of left atrial function predicts post-operative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Eur Heart J. 2004;25:1836-1844.
13
Dandel M, Lehmkuhl H, Knosalla C, et al. Strain and strain rate imaging by echocardiography-basic concepts and clinical applicability. Curr Cardiol Rev. 2009;5:133-148.
14
Sadeghpour A. Myocardial Strain and Strain Rate Imaging: Comparison between Doppler Derived Strain Imaging and Speckle Tracking Echocardiography. Arch Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;1:19-20.
15
Tsai WC, Lee CH, Lin CC, et al. Association of left atrial strain and strain rate assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Echocardiography. 2009;26:1188-1194.
16
Pellerin D, Sharma R, Elliott P, et al. Tissue Doppler, strain, and strain rate echocardiography for the assessment of left and right systolic ventricular function. Heart. 2003;89 Suppl 3:iii9-17.
17
Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. Annals Intern Med. 2009;151:W-65-W-94.
18
Tayyareci Y, Yildirimturk O, Aytekin V, et al. Preoperative left atrial mechanical dysfunction predicts postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft operation - a velocity vector imaging-based study. Circ J. 2010;74:2109-2117.
19
Gabrielli L, Corbalan R, Córdova S, et al. Left Atrial Dysfunction Is a Predictor of Postcoronary Artery Bypass Atrial Fibrillation: Association of Left Atrial Strain and Strain Rate Assessed by Speckle Tracking. Echocardiography. 2011;28:1104-1108.
20
Albers J, Ister D, Kayhan N, et al. Postoperative non-invasive assessment of pulmonary vascular resistance using Doppler echocardiography. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2011;13:579-584.
21
Her AY, Kim JY, Kim YH, et al. Left Atrial Strain Assessed by Speckle Tracking Imaging Is Related to New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Can J Cardiol. 2013;29:377-383.
22
Machino-Ohtsuka T, Seo Y, Ishizu T, et al. Efficacy, safety, and outcomes of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62:1857-1865.
23
Parsaee M, Moradi B, Esmaeilzadeh M, et al. New onset atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypasses grafting; an evaluation of mechanical left atrial function. Arch Iran Med. 2014;17:501-506.
24
Tulla H, Hippelainen M, Turpeinen A, et al. New-onset atrial fibrillation at discharge in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery: short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2015;48:747-752.
25
Nair SG. Atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. Ann Card Anaesth. 2010;13:196-205.
26
Sun JP, Popovic ZB, Greenberg NL, et al. Noninvasive quantification of regional myocardial function using Doppler-derived velocity, displacement, strain rate, and strain in healthy volunteers: effects of aging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2004;17:132-138.
27
Moustakidis P, Cupps BP, Pomerantz BJ, et al. Noninvasive, quantitative assessment of left ventricular function in ischemic cardiomyopathy. J Surg Res. 2004;116:187-196.
28
Van Garsse L, Gelsomino S, Lucà F, et al. Left atrial strain and strain rate before and following restrictive annuloplasty for ischaemic mitral regurgitation evaluated by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;14:534.
29
Antoni ML, Mollema SA, Delgado V, et al. Prognostic importance of strain and strain rate after acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:1640-1647.
30
Koyama J, Falk RH. Prognostic significance of strain Doppler imaging in light-chain amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2010;3:333-342.
31
Yasuda R, Murata M, Roberts R, et al. Left atrial strain is a powerful predictor of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation: study of a heterogeneous population with sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;16:1008-1014.
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Diagnostic value of performing endocervical curettage at the time of colposcopy procedure; a systematic review
Introduction: The importance of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) as a precursor to invasive cervical cancer suggests a considerable need for accurate screening of the patients for the risk of these lesions. This systematic review aimed to study the diagnostic significance of endocervical curettage (ECC) at the time of colposcopy in the detection of CIN 2, 3, and preinvasive lesions.Methods: PubMed was searched to obtain the relevant articles based on the following search term: (endocervical curettage OR ECC) AND colposcopy. The most relevant articles were included after studying the title, abstract, and full text of the obtained articles at initial search. Only English language articles published after 1992 with at least 500 patients were included in this study.Result: Among 300 articles identified by the first search, only seven articles were in line with the purpose of this systematic review. Majority of the included studies were retrospective observational studies.Conclusion: Performing ECC has higher sensitivity in women older than 40 years and those with unsatisfactory colposcopy results. However exact diagnostic usefulness of ECC at the time of colposcopy needs to be investigated in further studies.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6681_9ef3f14b272757665ebd7314a03d3574.pdf
2016-04-01
58
62
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.005
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Colposcopy
Endocervical Curettage
Shabnam
Imannezhad
1
Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Alireza
Sabzevari
2
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Rahdari
3
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohsen
Akhondi
4
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Takeda T, Wong TF, Adachi T, et al. Guidelines for office gynecology in Japan: Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 2011 edition. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2012;38:615-631.
1
Solomon D, Stoler M, Jeronimo J, et al. Diagnostic utility of endocervical curettage in women undergoing colposcopy for equivocal or low-grade cytologic abnormalities. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;110:288-295.
2
Driggers RW, Zahn CM. To ECC or not to ECC: the question remains. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2008;35:583-597.
3
Goksedef BP, Akbayir O, Numanoglu C, et al. Evaluation of endocervical canal in women with minimal cervical cytological abnormalities. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2013;17:261-266.
4
Gage JC, Duggan MA, Nation JG, et al. Detection of cervical cancer and its precursors by endocervical curettage in 13,115 colposcopically guided biopsy examinations. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;203:481.e1-9.
5
Gage JC, Duggan MA, Nation JG, et al. Comparative risk of high-grade histopathology diagnosis after a CIN 1 finding in endocervical curettage versus cervical biopsy. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2013;17:137-141.
6
Massad LS, Collins YC. Using history and colposcopy to select women for endocervical curettage. Results from 2,287 cases. J Reprod Med. 2003;48:1-6.
7
Moniak CW, Kutzner S, Adam E, et al. Endocervical curettage in evaluating abnormal cervical cytology. J Reprod Med. 2000;45:285-292.
8
Pretorius RG, Belinson JL, Azizi F, et al. Utility of random cervical biopsy and endocervical curettage in a low-risk population. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2012;16:333-338.
9
Shepherd JP, Guido R, Lowder JL. Should endocervical curettage routinely be performed at the time of colposcopy? A cost-effectiveness analysis. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2014;18:101-108.
10
Wright TC Jr1, Massad LS, Dunton CJ, et al. 2006 consensus guidelines for the management of women with abnormal cervical cancer screening tests. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;197:346-355.
11
Saltzman DH, Evans MI, Warsof SL, et al. Endocervical curettage as a routine part of colposcopic examinations for abnormal cervical cytology. J Reprod Med. 1985;30:871-873.
12
Puntachai P, Darojn D, Chumworathayi B, et al. Comparing visual inspection with acetic acid plus random cervical biopsy plus endocervical curettage to colposcopic directed biopsy plus endocervical curettage in detecting cervical lesions in low-resource settings. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12:2665-2668.
13
Pretorius RG, Zhang WH, Belinson JL, et al. Colposcopically directed biopsy, random cervical biopsy, and endocervical curettage in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II or worse. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191:430-434.
14
Hatch KD, Shingleton HM, Orr JW Jr, et al. Role of endocervical curettage in colposcopy. Obstet Gynecol. 1985;65:403-408.
15
Helmerhorst TJ. Clinical significance of endocervical curettage as part of colposcopic evaluation. A review. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 1992;2:256-262.
16
Poomtavorn Y, Suwannarurk K, Thaweekul Y, et al. Diagnostic value of endocervical curettage for detecting dysplastic lesions in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) Papanicolaou smears. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014;15:3461-3464.
17
Irvin W, Flora S, Andersen W, et al. Endocervical curettage. Does it contribute to the management of patients with abnormal cervical cytology? J Reprod Med. 2004;49:1-7.
18
Nakamura Y, Matsumoto K, Satoh T, et al. Optimizing biopsy procedures during colposcopy for women with abnormal cervical cancer screening results: a multicenter prospective study. Int J Clin Oncol. 2015;20:579-585.
19
Gibson CA, Trask CE, House P, et al. Endocervical sampling: a comparison of endocervical brush, endocervical curette, and combined brush with curette techniques. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2001;5:1-6.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of intravitreal bevacizumab injection on the clinical manifestations of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy in patients with macular edema: a systematic review
Introduction: Bevacizumab (Avastin) is considered as an effective strategy in the treatment of various ocular diseases. As a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, Avastin is used to control macular edema in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Therefore, in this study, we systematically reviewed the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab injections on nonproliferative stage of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Scopus and PubMed were systematically searched to find articles in which the effect of Avastin (bevacizumab) had been evaluated in nonproliferative stage of diabetic retinopathy. Literature search was performed using “Avastin OR bevacizumab”, “nonproliferative stage” and “diabetic retinopathy” as keyterms in the title, keywords, and abstract.Result: All 47 articles were found in all databases, two additional records were found through reference list screening, and only 10 articles were relevant to the purpose of this study. According to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 39 articles were excluded in several step processes of article selection. The results revealed that intravitreal injection of bevacizumab could be safely used to treat various ocular disease, particularly NPDR stage of diabetic retinopathy with macular edema.Discussion: Bevacizumab is considered as a novel and effective modality in the treatment of various ocular diseases such as retinal neovascularization, neovascular glaucoma, macular edema, and other ocular complications. Findings also suggested that bevacizumab is a suitable therapeutic approach in clinical use.Conclusion: According to the results of included documents, intravitreal injection of bevacizumab could be considered as a promising treatment modality in the clinical management of NPDR stage of diabetic retinopathy.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6405_c36554a727233bbf4dba88012f34688f.pdf
2016-04-01
63
68
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.006
Avastin
Diabetic retinopathy
Macular Edema
Touka
Banaee
banaeet@mums.ac.ir
1
Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Naser
Shoeibi
shoeibin@mums.ac.ir
2
Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hosein
Ghavam Saeedi
3
Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Congdon NG, Friedman DS, Lietman T. IImportant causes of visual impairment in the world today. JAMA. 2003 15;290:2057-2060.
1
Ghasemzadeh F, Jafari R. Comparing the Effect of Interavitreal Bevacizumab in Visual Acuity of Ischemic and Non-Ischemic Diabetic Macular Edema. ZJRMS. 2013;15:19-23.
2
Schwartz SG, Flynn HW, Jr. Pharmacotherapies for diabetic retinopathy: present and future. Exp Diabetes Res. 2007;2007:52487.
3
Chibber R, Chibber S, Kohner E. 21st Century treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2007;2:623-631.
4
Liu YP1, Hu SW, Wu ZF, et al. Proteomic analysis of human serum from diabetic retinopathy. Int J Ophthalmol. 2011;4:616-622.
5
Fujiok S, Karashima K, Saito Y. Evaluation of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy with subgroups classified by orbital color Doppler imaging. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 2009;113:95-100.
6
Klein R, Knudtson MD, Lee KE, et al. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy XXIII: the twenty-five-year incidence of macular edema in persons with type 1 diabetes. Ophthalmology. 2009;116:497-503.
7
Smit DP, Meyer D. Intravitreal bevacizumab: an analysis of the evidence. Clin Ophthalmol. 2007;1:273-284.
8
Zur D, Loewenstein A. Combination therapy for diabetic macular edema. J Ophthalmol. 2012;2012:484612.
9
Seo JW, Park IW. Intravitreal bevacizumab for treatment of diabetic macular edema. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2009;23:17-22.
10
Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009;62:e1-34.
11
Gallego-Pinazo R, Dolz-Marco R, Berrocal M, et al. Outcomes of cataract surgery in diabetic patients: results of the Pan American Collaborative Retina Study Group. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2014;77:355-359.
12
Nesmith BL, Ihnen M, Schaal S. Poor responders to bevacizumab pharmacotherapy in age-related macular degeneration and in diabetic macular edema demonstrate increased risk for obstructive sleep apnea. Retina. 2014;34:2423-2430.
13
Feucht N, Schönbach EM, Lanzl I, et al. Changes in the foveal microstructure after intravitreal bevacizumab application in patients with retinal vascular disease. Clin Ophthalmol. 2013;7:173-178.
14
Erol N, Gursoy H, Kimyon S, et al. Vision, retinal thickness, and foveal avascular zone size after intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema. Adv Ther. 2012;29:359-369.
15
Davidović SP, Nikolić SV, Curić NJ, et al. Changes of serum VEGF concentration after intravitreal injection of Avastin in treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2012;22:792-798.
16
Al-Hinai AS, Al-Abri MS, Al-Hajri RH. Diabetic papillopathy with macular edema treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. Oman J Ophthalmol. 2011;4:135-138.
17
Ornek K, Ogurel T. Intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic papillopathy. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2010;26:217-218.
18
Lanzagorta-Aresti A, Palacios-Pozo E, Menezo Rozalen JL, et al. Prevention of vision loss after cataract surgery in diabetic macular edema with intravitreal bevacizumab: a pilot study. Retina. 2009;29:530-535.
19
Chen E, Hsu J, Park CH. Acute visual acuity loss following intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2009;40:68-70.
20
Kim M, Lee JH, Lee SJ. Diabetic papillopathy with macular edema treated with intravitreal ranibizumab. Clin Ophthalmol. 2013;7:2257-2260.
21
Gunther JB, Altaweel MM. Bevacizumab (Avastin) for the treatment of ocular disease. Surv Ophthalmol. 2009;54:372-400.
22
Spitzer MS, Yoeruek E, Sierra A, et al. Comparative antiproliferative and cytotoxic profile of bevacizumab (Avastin), pegaptanib (Macugen) and ranibizumab (Lucentis) on different ocular cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2007;245:1837-1842.
23
Spitzer MS, Wallenfels-Thilo B, Sierra A, et al. Antiproliferative and cytotoxic properties of bevacizumab on different ocular cells. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90:1316-1321.
24
Adamis AP, Shima DT. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in ocular health and disease. Retina. 2005;25:111-118.
25
Luthra S, Narayanan R, Marques LEA, et al. evaluation of in vitro effects of bevacizumab (avastin) on retinal pigment epithelial, neurosensory retinal, and microvascular endothelial cells. Retina. 2006;26:512-518.
26
Dastjerdi MH, Al-Arfaj KM, Nallasamy N, et al. Topical bevacizumab in the treatment of corneal neovascularization: results of a prospective, open-label, noncomparative study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009;127:381-389.
27
Grisanti S, Biester S, Peters S, et al. Intracameral bevacizumab for iris rubeosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;142:158-160.
28
Oshima Y, Sakaguchi H, Gomi F, et al. Regression of iris neovascularization after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;142:155-158.
29
Ernst BJ, Garcia-Aguirre G, Oliver SC, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab versus panretinal photocoagulation for treatment-naive proliferative and severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Acta Ophthalmol. 2012;90:e573-574.
30
Fraser-Bell S, Kaines A, Hykin PG. Update on treatments for diabetic macular edema. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2008;19:185-189.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of methylene blue for on vasoplegic syndrome
Introduction: Administration of methylene blue has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of vasopelgic shock following cardiac surgery. Major aims of this systematic review were to evaluate the effect of methylene blue on mortality rate, duration of vasoplegic syndrome, and further complications of patients with vasoplegic syndrome following cardiac surgery. Methods: PubMed was searched to obtain the most relevant articles. All the randomized control trials and cohort studies were included.Result: A total of 54 articles were retrieved at the initial search. After studying the titles, abstracts, and full text of the articles, only five articles consisted of two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two observational studies were included.Discussion: Based on included RCTs, the mortality rate and duration of the disease decreased in patients applied methylene blue in the treatment of vasoplegic syndrome compared with those did not receive this medication.Conclusions: Bbased on included articles, application of methylene blue could be suggested as a treatment for vasoplegic syndrome, but further large multicenter RCTs are needed to certainly evaluate the efficacy of methylene blue.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6357_4b0e995f1aca088d180ef5aad9f48593.pdf
2016-04-01
69
72
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.007
Cardiac Surgery
Methylene blue
Vasoplegic syndrome
Mohsen
akhondi
1
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Alireza
Sabzevari
2
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Shabnam
Imannezhad
3
Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Rahdari
rahdaria901@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Gomes WJ, Carvalho AC, Palma JH, et al. Vasoplegic syndrome: a new dilemma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1994;107:942-943.
1
Levin MA, Lin HM, Castillo JG, et al. Early on-cardiopulmonary bypass hypotension and other factors associated with vasoplegic syndrome. Circulation. 2009;120:1664-1671.
2
Carrel T, Englberger L, Mohacsi P, et al. Low systemic vascular resistance after cardiopulmonary bypass: incidence, etiology, and clinical importance. J Card Surg. 2000;15:347-353.
3
Landry DW, Oliver JA. The pathogenesis of vasodilatory shock. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:588-595.
4
Argenziano M, Chen JM, Choudhri AF, et al. Management of vasodilatory shock after cardiac surgery: identification of predisposing factors and use of a novel pressor agent. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998;116:973-980.
5
Shanmugam G. Vasoplegic syndrome--the role of methylene blue. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2005;28:705-710.
6
Levin RL, Degrange MA, Bruno GF, et al. Methylene blue reduces mortality and morbidity in vasoplegic patients after cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77:496-499.
7
Ozal E, Kuralay E, Yildirim V, et al. Preoperative methylene blue administration in patients at high risk for vasoplegic syndrome during cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;79:1615-1619.
8
Leyh RG, Kofidis T, Struber M, et al. Methylene blue: the drug of choice for catecholamine-refractory vasoplegia after cardiopulmonary bypass? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003;125:1426-1431.
9
Weiner MM, Lin HM, Danforth D, et al. Methylene blue is associated with poor outcomes in vasoplegic shock. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2013;27:1233-1238.
10
Evora PR, Roselino CH, Schiaveto PM. Methylene blue in anaphylactic shock. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;30:240.
11
Yiu P. Should methylene blue be the drug of choice to treat vasoplegias caused by cardiopulmonary bypass and anaphylactic shock? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000;119:633-634.
12
Gando S, Kameue T, Nanzaki S, et al. Participation of tissue factor and thrombin in posttraumatic systemic inflammatory syndrome. Crit Care Med. 1997;25:1820-1826.
13
Cheng X, Pang CC. Pressor and vasoconstrictor effects of methylene blue in endotoxaemic rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1998;357:648-653.
14
Zhang H, Rogiers P, Preiser JC, Spapen H, Manikis P, Metz G, et al. Effects of methylene blue on oxygen availability and regional blood flow during endotoxic shock. Crit Care Med. 1995;23:1711-1721.
15
Weingartner R, Oliveira E, Oliveira ES, et al. Blockade of the action of nitric oxide in human septic shock increases systemic vascular resistance and has detrimental effects on pulmonary function after a short infusion of methylene blue. Braz J Med Biol Res. 1999;32:1505-1513.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The prognostic value of cardiac ultrasonography in patients with cardiac arrest
Introduction: Echocardiography or cardiac imaging is proposed as a gold standard method for identifying high risk patients for cardiac arrest. In this systematic review, we studied the prognostic value of cardiac sonography in patients with cardiac arrest. Methods: PubMed was searched for the relevant articles. Case reports were not included. Inclusion criteria were all the studies applied transthorasic echocardiography in patients with cardiac arrest arrived at emergency department that studied the efficacy of this modality on patients survived to emergency discharge and returned to spontaneous circulation.Result: Overall, 870 articles were obtained through initial search and only nine articles were included after the evaluation of the title, abstract, and the full text. Echocardiography has high sensitivity and specificity in predicting the return of spontaneous circulation.Conclusion: Cardiac sonography is a fairly effective (not definitive) modality in predicting death in patients with lack of cardiac activity during resuscitation. Echocardiography should not be the sole basis for the decision to cease resuscitative efforts.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6404_f7c4c62b77cd4571329b836123dbc05c.pdf
2016-04-01
73
77
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.008
Cardiac sonography
Eemergency department
Sudden cardiac death
Ehsan
Bolvardi
1
Department of Emergency Medicine, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Roohie
Farzaneh
2
Department of Emergency Medicine, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ikeda T, Yusu S, Nakamura K, et al. Risk stratification for sudden cardiac death. Circ J. 2007;71:A106-114.
1
Flesche Cw, Breuet S, Mandel LP, et al. The ability of health-professionals to check the carotid pulse. Circulation.1994:90;288.
2
Brooks SC, Lam KK, Morrison LJ. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occurring in southern Ontario health care clinics: bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator use. Can Fam Physician. 2010;56:e213-e218.
3
Sarnak MJ, Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, et al. Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention. Circulation. 2003;108:2154-2169.
4
Deakin CD, Nolan JP, Soar J, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 4. Adult advanced life support. Resuscitation .2010;81:1305-1352.
5
Lippert FK, Raffay V, Georgiou M, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 10. The ethics of resuscitation and end-of-life decisions. Resuscitation .2010;81:1445-1451.
6
Morrison LJ, Verbeek PR, Vermeulen MJ, et al. Derivation and evaluation of a termination of resuscitation clinical prediction rule for advanced life support providers. Resuscitation.2007;74:266-275.
7
Breitkreutz R, Price S, Steiger HV, et al. Focused echocardiographic evaluation in life support and peri-resuscitation of emergency patients: a prospective trial. Resuscitation .2010;81:1527-1533.
8
Byhahn C, Bingold TM, Zwissler B, et al. Prehospital ultrasound detects pericardial tamponade in a pregnant victim of stabbing assault. Resuscitation. 2008;76:146-148.
9
Walcher F, Weinlich M, Conrad G, et al. Prehospital ultrasound imaging improves management of abdominal trauma. Br J Surg. 2006;93:238-242.
10
Walcher F, Kortüm S, Kirschning T, et al. Optimized management of polytraumatized patients by prehospital ultrasound.Unfallchirurg.2002;105:986-994.
11
Hayhurst C, Lebus C, Atkinson PR, et al. An evaluation of echo in life support (ELS): is it feasible? What does it add?Emerg Med J. 2011;28:119-121.
12
Aichinger G, Zechner PM, Prause G, et al. Cardiac movement identified on prehospital echocardiography predicts outcome in cardiac arrest patients. Prehosp Emerg Care.2012;16:251-255.
13
Blaivas M, Fox JC. Outcome in cardiac arrest patients found to have cardiac standstill on the bedside emergency department echocardiogram. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8:616-621.
14
Salen P, O’Connor R, Sierzenski P, et al. Can cardiac sonography and capnography be used independently and in combination to predict resuscitation outcomes? Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8:610-615.
15
Tayal VS, Kline JA. Emergency echocardiography to detect pericardial effusion in patients in PEA and near-PEA states.Resuscitation.2003;59:315-318.
16
Salen P, Melniker L, Chooljian C, et al. Does the presence or absence of sonographically identified cardiac activity predict resuscitation outcomes of cardiac arrest patients? Am J Emerg Med. 2005;23:459-462.
17
Schuster KM, Lofthouse R, Moore C, et al. Pulseless electrical activity, focused abdominal sonography for trauma, and cardiac contractile activity as predictors of survival after trauma. J Trauma. 2009;67:1154-1157.
18
Cebicci H, Salt O, Gurbuz S, et al. Benefit of cardiac sonography for estimating the early term survival of the cardiopulmonary arrest patients. Hippokratia. 2014;18:125-129.
19
Ettin D, Cook T. Using ultrasound to determine external pacer capture. The Journal of emergency medicine. 1999;17:1007-1009.
20
Corbett SW, O’Callaghan T. Detection of traumatic complications of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by ultrasound.Ann Emerg Med. 1997;29:317-322.
21
Amaya SC, Langsam A. Ultrasound detection of ventricular fibrillation disguised as asystole. Ann Emerg Med. 1999;33:344-346.
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of intravitreal bevacizumab injection on the corneal endothelial cells
Introduction:Bevacizumab (Avastin), as an effectiveness treatment modality, is currently used in patients with various ocular disease. However the results have been promising, the use of bevacizumab in the treatment of ocular disease is an off-label application. Hence, the aim of this study was to systematically review the effectiveness of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab on various ocular tissues, especially corneal endothelial cells. Methods: The articles related to the effect of application of Avastin in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases and especially its effect on corneal endothelial cells were collected and reviewed. We searched PubMed, Google scholar, and Scopus databases and used Avastin, ocular diseases and corneal endothelial cells as search keywords.Result: Of all 55 articles found in all databases, only 10 were relevant to the purpose of this study, and 45 articles were excluded in several step by step process of article selection according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The results revealed that intracameral bevacizumab injection caused no changes in specular microscopy and corneal pachymetry. Moreover, it had no significant toxicity on corneal endothelial cells.Discussion: Effectiveness of bevacizumab as a new modality in the treatment of different ophthalmic diseases have been suggested. Recent data on both human and animal models showed that intravitreal injection of bevacizumab resulted in no significant toxicity on various ocular cells, and it could be considered as a suitable therapeutic approach in clinical use.Conclusion: According to the results of included documents, bevacizumab was not toxic to corneal endothelial cells at various clinically relevant doses.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6403_cb68d270c67df82f91f6d8d4a62597c5.pdf
2016-04-01
78
83
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.009
Avastin
Endothelial cells
Eye Diseases
Akbar
Derakhshan
1
Cornea Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam Al-Anbia Eye Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Alireza
Eslampour
eslampoura@mums.ac.ir
2
Cornea Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam Al-Anbia Eye Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Esmaeil
Safinezhad
3
Cornea Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam Al-Anbia Eye Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Samira
Hasanzadeh
hasanzadehs2@mums.ac.ir
4
Cornea Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam Al-Anbia Eye Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Los M, Roodhart JM, Voest EE. Target practice: lessons from phase III trials with bevacizumab and vatalanib in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Oncologist. 2007;12:443-450.
1
hiang CC, Chen WL, Lin JM, et al. Effect of bevacizumab on human corneal endothelial cells: a six-month follow-up study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146:688-691.
2
Ellis LM. Bevacizumab. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005;8-9.
3
Shih T, Lindley C. Bevacizumab: an angiogenesis inhibitor for the treatment of solid malignancies. Clin Ther. 2006;28:1779-1802.
4
Gunther JB, Altaweel MM. Bevacizumab (Avastin) for the treatment of ocular disease. Surv Ophthalmol. 2009-;54:372-400
5
Spitzer MS, Yoeruek E, Sierra A, et al. Comparative antiproliferative and cytotoxic profile of bevacizumab (Avastin), pegaptanib (Macugen) and ranibizumab (Lucentis) on different ocular cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2007;245:1837-1842.
6
Spitzer MS, Wallenfels-Thilo B, Sierra A, et al. Antiproliferative and cytotoxic properties of bevacizumab on different ocular cells. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90:1316-1321.
7
Adamis AP, Shima DT. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in ocular health and disease. Retina. 2005;25:111-118.
8
Philipp W, Speicher L, Humpel C. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in inflamed and vascularized human corneas. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000;41:2514-22.
9
Zaki AA, Farid SF. Subconjunctival bevacizumab for corneal neovascularization. Acta Ophthalmol. 2010;88:868-871.
10
Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. Annals Intern Med. 2009;151:65-94.
11
Avery RL, Pearlman J, Pieramici DJ, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmology. 2006;113:1695.1-15.
12
Torres-Soriano ME, Cubas-Lorenzo V, García-Aguirre G, et al. Multifocal electrophysiologic findings after intravitreal bevacizumab (avastin) treatment. Retina. 2012;32:972-976.
13
Oshima Y, Sakaguchi H, Gomi F, et al. Regression of iris neovascularization after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;142:155-158.
14
Spaide RF, Fisher YL. Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated by vitreous hemorrhage. Retina. 2006;26:275-278.
15
Minnella AM, Savastano CM, Ziccardi L, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated by vitreous hemorrhage. Retina. 2006;26:275-278.
16
Wu L, Martínez-Castellanos MA, Quiroz-Mercado H, et al. Twelve-month safety of intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (Avastin): results of the Pan-American Collaborative Retina Study Group (PACORES). Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008;246:81-87.
17
Dastjerdi MH, Al-Arfaj KM, Nallasamy N, et al. Topical bevacizumab in the treatment of corneal neovascularization: results of a prospective, open-label, noncomparative study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009;127:381-389.
18
Pérez-Rico C, Benítez-Herreros J, Castro-Rebollo M, et al. Effect of intravitreal ranibizumab on corneal endothelium in age-related macular degeneration. Cornea. 2010;29:849-852.
19
Lichtinger A, Yeung SN, Kim P, et al. Corneal endothelial safety following subconjunctival and intrastromal injection of bevacizumab for corneal neovascularization. Int Ophthalmol.2014;34:597-601.
20
de Moraes CG, Facio AC, Costa JH, et al. Intracameral bevacizumab and mitomycin C Trabeculectomy for eyes with neovascular glaucoma: a case series. J Ocul Biol Dis Infor. 2009 31;2:40-46.
21
Shin JP, Lee JW, Sohn BJ, et al. In vivo corneal endothelial safety of intracameral bevacizumab and effect in neovascular glaucoma combined with Ahmed valve implantation. J Glaucoma. 2009;18:589-594.
22
Luthra S, Narayanan R, Marques LE, et al. Evaluation of in vitro effects of bevacizumab (avastin) on retinal pigment epithelial, neurosensory retinal, and microvascular endothelial cells. Retina. 2006;26:512-518.
23
Kernt M, Welge-Lussen U, Yu A, et al. Bevacizumab is not toxic to human anterior- and posterior-segment cultured cells. Ophthalmologe. 2007;104:965-971.
24
Yoeruek E, Ziemssen F, Henke-Fahle S, et al. Safety, penetration and efficacy of topically applied bevacizumab: evaluation of eyedrops in corneal neovascularization after chemical burn. Acta Ophthalmol. 2008;86:322-328.
25
Grisanti S, Biester S, Peters S, et al. Intracameral bevacizumab for iris rubeosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;142:158-160.
26
Rusovici R, Sakhalkar M, Chalam KV. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of bevacizumab on VEGF-enriched corneal endothelial cells. Mol Vis. 2011;17:3339-3346.
27
Park HY, Kim SJ, Lee HB, et al. Effect of intracameral bevacizumab injection on corneal endothelium in rabbits. Cornea. 2008;27:1151-1155.
28
Shalam KV, Agarwal S, Brar VS, et al. Evaluation of Cytotoxic Effects of Bevacizumab on Human Corneal Cells. Cornea. 2009;28:328-333.
29
Bayar SA, Altinors DD, Kucukerdonmez C, et al. Severe corneal changes following intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2010;18:268-274.
30
Maturi RK, Bleau LA, Wilson DL. Electrophysiologic findings after intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) treatment. Retina. 2006;26:270-274.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mesenchymal stem cell and osteoarthritis: a literature review
The most common disease in the aged population is osteoarthritis (OA) that is resulting in progressive dysfunction following isolated cartilage injuries, subchondral bone remodeling, tissue loss, marginal osteophytes, and loss of joint space. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells; they are able to produce many or all joint tissues. Bone marrow and adipose tissue are rich sources of mesenchymal cells that are useful for the reconstruction of injured tissues such as bone, cartilage, or cardiac muscle. Recently, some studies have been performed on the use of the direct intra-articular injection of mononuclear cells (MNCs) and MSCs as potential therapeutic targets in OA. In this review, the history of MSCs in the treatment of OA are explained. Injection of Bone Marrow Aspirates Concentrate (BMAC) has significantly improved both joint pain and function in radiologic findings; some studies suggested that the injection would be even more effective in early to moderate phases of OA. Injection of MSCs in combination with growth factors may be better solution for the treatment.
https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_6830_860035aaea244ef17f8705b72dc63b47.pdf
2016-04-01
84
86
10.17463/RCM.2016.02.010
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mononuclear cell
Osteoarthritis
Zhaleh
Shariati Sarabi
1
Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Jalil
Tavakol Afshari
tavakolaj@mums.ac.ir
2
Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Ghassemi
3
Department of Bone marrow stem cell transplantation, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Yaghobi
4
Department of Internal medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Wieland HA, Michaelis M, Kirschbaum BJ, et al. Osteoarthritis-an untreatable disease? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005;4:331-344.
1
Hunziker EB. Articular cartilage repair: basic science and clinical progress. A review of the current status and prospects. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2002;10:432-463.
2
Lawrence RC, Felson DT, Helmick CG, et al. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. Part II. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58:26-35.
3
Chen FH, Tuan RS. Mesenchymal stem cells in arthritic diseases. Arthritis Res Ther. 2008;10:223.
4
Caplan AI, Bruder SP. Mesenchymal stem cells: building blocks for molecular medicine in the 21st century. Trends Mol Med. 2001;7:259-264.
5
Wakitani S, Imoto K, Yamamoto T, et al. Human autologous culture expanded bone marrow mesenchymal cell transplantation for repair of cartilage defects in osteoarthritic knees. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2002;10:199-206.
6
Tomita S, Li RK, Weisel RD, et al. Autologous transplantation of bone marrow cells improves damaged heart function. Circulation. 1999;100:II247-256.
7
Murphy JM, Fink DJ, Hunziker EB, et al. Stem cell therapy in a caprine model of osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:3464-3474.
8
Frisbie DD, Kisiday JD, Kawcak CE, et al. Evaluation of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res. 2009;27:1675-1680.
9
Black LL, Gaynor J, Adams C, et al. Effect of intraarticular injection of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem and regenerative cells on clinical signs of chronic osteoarthritis of the elbow joint in dogs. Vet Ther. 2008;9:192-200.
10
De Ugarte DA, Morizono K, Elbarbary A, et al. Comparison of multi-lineage cells from human adipose tissue and bone marrow.Cells Tissues Organs. 2003;174:101-109.
11
Im GI, Shin YW, Lee KB. Do adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells have the same osteogenic and chondrogenic potential as bone marrow-derived cells?Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2005;13:845-853.
12
Hayashi O, Katsube Y, Hirose M, et al. Comparison of osteogenic ability of rat mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, periosteum, and adipose tissue. Calcif Tissue Int. 2008 ;82:238-247.
13
Caplan AI, Dennis JE. Mesenchymal stem cells as trophic mediators. J Cell Biochem. 2006;98:1076-1084.
14
Agung M, Ochi M, Yanada S, et al. Mobilization of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the injured tissues after intraarticular injection and their contribution to tissue regeneration. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2006;14:1307-1314.
15
Pak J. Regeneration of human bones in hip osteonecrosis and human cartilage in knee osteoarthritis with autologous adipose-tissue-derived stem cells: a case series. J Med Case Rep. 2011;5:296.
16
Wolfstadt JI, Cole BJ, Ogilvie-Harris DJ, et al. Current concepts: the role of mesenchymal stem cells in the management of knee osteoarthritis. Sports Health. 2015;7:38-44.
17
Centeno CJ, Schultz JR, Cheever M, et al. Safety and complications reporting update on the re-implantation of culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells using autologous platelet lysate technique. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2011;6:368-378.
18
Emadedin M, Aghdami N, Taghiyar L, et al. Intra-articular injection of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in six patients with knee osteoarthritis. Arch Iran Med. 2012;15:422-428.
19
Wong KL, Lee KB, Tai BC, et al. Injectable cultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in varus knees with cartilage defects undergoing high tibial osteotomy: a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial with 2 years’ follow-up. Arthroscopy. 2013;29:2020-2028.
20
Kim JD, Lee GW, Jung GH, et al. Clinical outcome of autologous bone marrow aspirates concentrate (BMAC) injection in degenerative arthritis of the knee. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2014;24:1505-1511.
21
Davatchi F, Abdollahi BS, Mohyeddin M, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis. Preliminary report of four patients. Int J Rheum Dis. 2011;14:211-215.
22
Skowroński J, Skowroński R, Rutka M. Large cartilage lesions of the knee treated with bone marrow concentrate and collagen membrane--results. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2013;15:69-76.
23
Vangsness CT Jr, Farr J 2nd, Boyd J, et al. Adult human mesenchymal stem cells delivered via intra-articular injection to the knee following partial medial meniscectomy: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014;96:90-98.
24
Varma HS, Dadarya B, Vidyarthi A. The new avenues in the management of osteo-arthritis of knee--stem cells. J Indian Med Assoc. 2010;108:583-585.
25