<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
			<journal>
			<title>Reviews in Clinical Medicine</title>
			<title_fa></title_fa>
			<short_title>RCM</short_title>
			<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
			<web_url>https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/</web_url>
			<journal_hbi_system_id>0</journal_hbi_system_id>
			<journal_hbi_system_user></journal_hbi_system_user>
			<journal_id_issn>2345-6256</journal_id_issn>
			<journal_id_issn_online>2345-6892</journal_id_issn_online>
			<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
			<journal_id_doi></journal_id_doi>
			<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
			<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
			<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
			<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
			<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
			<language>en</language>
			<pubdate>
				<type>jalali</type>
				<year>0</year>
				<month>0</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<pubdate>
				<type>gregorian</type>
				<year>2026</year>
				<month>5</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<volume>13</volume>
			<number>1</number>
			<publish_type>online</publish_type>
			<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
			<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
			<articleset><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>An Update on Ocular Trauma in Children with Behavioral Disorders</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Review</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Ocular trauma is a major cause of visual impairment in children, and those with behavioral disorders may be at greater risk because of impulsivity, limited hazard awareness, and difficulty adhering to safety instructions. This narrative review provides an updated overview of the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentations, and management of ocular trauma in children with behavioral disorders, with emphasis on prevention strategies and long-term outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies investigating the association between behavioral disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and conduct disorders, and ocular injuries in children. The available evidence was synthesized to highlight recent findings, clinical challenges, and advances in management approaches. Children with behavioral disorders appear to have a higher incidence of ocular trauma and often present with more severe injuries, partly because of delayed recognition and treatment. Common causes include accidental self-inflicted injuries, falls, and object-related trauma. Diagnostic and management challenges arise from communication difficulties, sensory sensitivities, and limited behavioral cooperation. Recent evidence suggests that tailored preventive interventions, caregiver education, and multidisciplinary management may reduce the burden of ocular trauma in this vulnerable population.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>pediatric ophthalmology, ADHD, Autism spectrum disorder, Prevention, visual outcomes</keyword>
				<start_page>1</start_page>
				<end_page>5</end_page>
				<web_url>https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_27664.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Mehrdad</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Motamed Shariati</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>mehrdad_shariati2005@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>121504</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Maryam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Naghib</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>maryam_naghib69@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>121505</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Illuminating the Darkness: Unraveling the Complexities of Cone-Rod Dystrophies</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Review</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are significant causes of legal blindness in some working-age adults. Among these conditions, cone-rod dystrophies (CRDs) are characterized by the progressive loss of cone and rod photoreceptors, leading to visual impairment. The pathogenesis of CRDs is multifactorial and often involves genetic mutations in proteins critical for phototransduction, photoreceptor maintenance, and cellular homeostasis within the retina. Over time, photoreceptors deteriorate, resulting in decreased visual acuity, color vision abnormalities, and, in some cases, night blindness. The diagnosis of CRDs requires a comprehensive approach that includes clinical evaluation, electrophysiological testing, and advanced imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography (OCT). Current treatments are primarily supportive, focusing on the management of visual symptoms and the enhancement of patients’ quality of life. Emerging therapies, including gene therapy, retinal implants, and regenerative medicine, show promise for slowing or reversing disease progression. Low vision aids, environmental modifications, and regular monitoring remain essential components of CRD management. Identifying the genetic variants responsible for CRDs enables personalized counseling and may facilitate the development of targeted, gene-specific interventions. This review summarizes recent advances in the epidemiology, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies for CRDs, providing updated insights into diagnosis and long-term care. By analyzing these developments, we aim to guide both clinical practice and research toward novel interventions that could preserve or restore vision in affected individuals.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Inherited retinal diseases, IRD, Cone-rod dystrophies, CRD, vision impairment</keyword>
				<start_page>13</start_page>
				<end_page>23</end_page>
				<web_url>https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_27666.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Zahra</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nejad Shahrokh Abadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>zarashahrokh@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121510</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Countess of Chester Hospital, Chester, UK</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Reza</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nejad Shahrokh Abadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>nshahrokhareza@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121511</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Maryam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Azimzadeh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>maryam.azimzadeh91@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121512</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Muhammad</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Islampanah</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>muhammad.iriran@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121513</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Narges</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Hashemi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>hashemin1984@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121514</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Farid</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Shekarchian</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>shekarchianf@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>121515</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Unraveling the Tapestry of Syndromic Cone‒Rod Dystrophies: Navigating the Complexities of Sight and Beyond</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Review</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Syndromic cone-rod dystrophies (CRDs) represent a heterogeneous group of genetic retinal disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of photoreceptors. These conditions, through their impact on both cone and rod cells, lead to significant visual impairment, manifesting as diminished central visual acuity, compromised color perception, and increased light sensitivity. In addition to the associated ocular symptoms, syndromic CRDs are frequently seen accompanied with systemic manifestations, including that of skeletal, metabolic, neurological, renal, and cardiac anomalies, which complicate diagnosis and management. The genetic basis of syndromic CRDs is complex, involving several mutations in multiple genes linked to a diverse array of syndromic conditions, such as that of Bardet-Biedl, Usher, Alström, Jalili, Refsum disease, Senior-Loken, Cohen syndrome, Jeune, Sensenbrenner, and Joubert syndrome. Non-genetic assessments, such as that of electroretinography, play vital roles in differentiating CRDs, in particular syndromic forms, from pure cone dystrophies an, as they tend to reveal functional deficits in both cone and rod photoreceptors. This review aims to clarify the distinct genetic origins and clinical characteristics for these disorders.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Syndromic Cone-Rod Dystrophies, Retinal Degeneration, genetic mutations, Photoreceptor Degeneration, Systemic Manifestations</keyword>
				<start_page>24</start_page>
				<end_page>33</end_page>
				<web_url>https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_27667.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Reza</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nejad Shahrokh Abadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>nshahrokhareza@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121516</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zahra</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nejad Shahrokh Abadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>zarashahrokh@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121517</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Countess of Chester Hospital, Chester, UK</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Maryam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Azimzadeh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>maryam.azimzadeh91@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121518</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Muhammad</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Islampanah</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>muhammad.iriran@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121519</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Saeedeh Sadat</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Mirtooni</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>s.mirtooni@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121520</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Narges</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Hashemi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>hashemin1984@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121521</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Rare Pediatric Neurological Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, ‎Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>The effect of nutritional education intervention on knowledge and fat consumption among students at Maragheh University of medical sciences</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original article</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Introduction: Healthy nutrition is the main aspect of obesity prevention and management. Lack of nutrition knowledge is one of the leading causes of unhealthy food choices. In this regard, nutritional education interventions can be a noteworthy approach in boosting students’ dietary habits. The objective of the current study was to assess the effect of a nutritional education intervention on knowledge, fat intake, anthropometric indices and dietary intake among students. Methods: This randomized controlled study was carried out on a sample of 68 university students aged 18-26 years, in Maragheh University of Medical Sciences. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric indices, dietary intake, physical activity levels, and nutritional knowledge, were collected via face-to-face. The nutritional education intervention consisted of four on-site sessions education applied by two independent PhD-level nutritionists. Following the intervention, the nutritional knowledge questionnaire was re-administered to all participants.Results: Based on body mass index, the majority of students were classified as having normal or being overweight. The mean dietary macronutrient distribution was 57% carbohydrate, 13.81% protein, and 31.65% fat. The findings showed no statistically significant change in knowledge score before and after the intervention. Also, no significant associations were observed between changes in nutritional knowledge score and demographic characteristics and anthropometric indices, or fat intake when comparing the two groups (p&gt;0.05).Conclusion: Given the findings that students exhibited adequate nutritional knowledge and acceptable fat intake levels, yet a moderate prevalence of overweight persisted, future studies should focus on bridging the gap between knowledge and practice through targeted behavioral interventions.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Nutritional Status, Knowledge, Education, Obesity, Diet, Students</keyword>
				<start_page>34</start_page>
				<end_page>40</end_page>
				<web_url>https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_27668.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Faezeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Ghalichi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>faezeh.ghalichi@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>121522</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Taymaz</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Ebrahim Hesari</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>taymazhesari@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121523</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mohammad Taghi</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Khodayari</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>khodayari54@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121524</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Ali</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Farajollahi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>ali.ff589@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121525</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>The Effect and Role of Trained Companion, During Delivery Process: A Randomized controlled trial (RCT)</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original article</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: Several factors play a role in improving birth experience, and it seems presence of a trained companion can play a role in birth process. Despite there is insufficient evidence in this regard among Iranian health system, so this study was conducted to investigate role and effect of a trained companion in birth process.Methods:This RCT was conducted in 2018 on 60‌ pregnant mothers referred to Um‌al-Banin Hospital in Mashhad. Both control group (CG) and intervention group (IG) received eight 90-minute childbirth preparation classes. Additionally, IG recived ‌two joint sessions (companion&amp;mother) and two sessions alone (companion). Before and after training, demographic form, companion, s role and impact researcher-made questionnaire were completed by two groups. Data were analyzed using independent&amp;paired t-test, Fisher&#039;s exact, and chi-square tests in SPSS vol.16 software.Results: The mean age of mothers in IG was 26.7±8.3 and CG was 28.3±5.9.A significant finding was that 83.3% of mothers in the IG, compared to 56.7% in the CG, considered the companion’s presence effective in their choice of delivery mode (Chi-square test,P=0.024). Furthermore, 96.7% of mothers in the IG, versus 66.7% in the CG, reported the companion to be effective in enhancing self-efficacy and expectations of a positive birth outcome (Chi-square test,P=0.003).Conclusion: Findings indicate that presence of a trained birth companion significantly enhances maternal self-efficacy, improves childbirth experience, and promotes more informed decision-making regarding mode of delivery. As a simple and cost-effective intervention, it holds practical potential for improving maternity care and should be considered in health policy planning.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Normal childbirth, Education, Companion, prenatal care</keyword>
				<start_page>41</start_page>
				<end_page>47</end_page>
				<web_url>https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_27669.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Nahid</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Maleki</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>malekimidwife@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121526</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery School, Shahrood University of Medical Science, Shahrood, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zahrasadat</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Hosseinivaeaz</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>hosseinivaeazz@aums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>121527</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Nursing, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Fatemeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Babamohammadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>babamohammadif@shmu.ac.ir</email>
				<code>121528</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Midwifery, school of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Sakineh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Seddighi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>seddighis@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>121529</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Nursing Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Incidence. Clinical and laboratory findings of herpes simplex encephalitis</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original article</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Abstract:Encephalitis is one of the relatively uncommon causes of hospitalization in children&#039;s wards, which is associated with long-term debilitating complications. The purpose of the present study is to determine the prevalence and symptoms of herpes encephalitis in the Imam educational and therapeutic center. The methodology of the present study is a descriptive retrospective study on children who discharged from the children&#039;s ward of Imam Hospital with the diagnosis of encephalitis (between April 2014 and September 2019). The information obtained by referring to the patients&#039; files. The virology test used in this study is HSV PCR.18 patients who diagnosed with meningoencephalitis and herpes simplex encephalitis in Imam Hospital during the last 5 years (2014-2019) and treated 11 male patients (61%) and 7 female patients (39 %) in 18 hospitalized patients.The most common clinical symptoms were fever above 38°C, followed by decreased level of consciousness and convulsions, among which behavioral changes have the lowest prevalence Considering the high morbidity and mortality of the disease and the need for early treatment, a detailed history and complete clinical examination, observing symptoms related to brain and meningeal involvement and performing tests including CSF examination, CT scan and MRI can They provide the doctor with key points in the early diagnosis of the disease.Considering the many advances made in the field of viral agent detection, laboratory methods such as PCR and Ab sampling method against HSV in blood and CSF can be more helpful in diagnosing the disease.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Encephalitis, hsv, incidence, clinical findings, Laboratory</keyword>
				<start_page>48</start_page>
				<end_page>59</end_page>
				<web_url>https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_27670.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Soheila</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Khazaei</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>khazaeish@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>121530</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Mashhad medical university</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>A Survey of Medical Students’ Perceptions and Satisfaction with the Educational Content of the Interactive Digital Atlas of Poisonous Plants and Fungi</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original article</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: Poisoning from toxic plants and fungi remains an important topic in clinical toxicology education. Interactive digital atlases may support learning through providing structured and visually rich content.Methods: An interactive digital atlas of poisonous plants and fungi was developed using validated scientific sources and expert review and published on a dedicated website. Medical trainees and interns were introduced to the platform and used it during an academic semester. Students’ perceptions and satisfaction were assessed using a researcher-developed questionnaire with established face and content validity, based on a 5-point Likert scale.Results: A total of 107 participants completed the survey. Overall, 66.4% rated the website’s quality as good or very good, 66.4% were satisfied with the relevance of the information, and 63.5% rated the content comprehensiveness favourably. No significant differences were observed between trainees and interns.Conclusions: The digital atlas was well received by medical students and demonstrated acceptable user satisfaction. Such web-based resources may serve as supportive tools in toxicology education. Further studies are needed to assess their impact on learning outcomes.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>poisonous fungi, poisonous plant, digital atlas, Medical education, computer-assisted instruction</keyword>
				<start_page>60</start_page>
				<end_page>68</end_page>
				<web_url>https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_27674.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Bita</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Dadpour</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>dadpourb@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>121548</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zahra</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Ataee</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>zahraataee57@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121549</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Amirhossein</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Asoudeh Tanourjeh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>asoudehah951@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>121550</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Amirali</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Reihani</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>reihaniamirali5@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121551</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Health policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Beyond Glycemia: Metformin’s Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Effects in Chronic Diseases: A Narrative Review</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Review</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) has been the most commonly prescribed blood sugar-lowering medication for over six decades and is the most important treatment for individuals newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The major action of metformin is to directly suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis and improve insulin sensitivity. However, metformin also indirectly enhances insulin secretion by increasing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentration. Recent research highlights the broader therapeutic potential of metformin in chronic diseases associated with inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of metformin beyond blood sugar reduction in chronic diseases by examining indicators related to inflammation and immunity. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms of metformin involve both AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent and -independent pathways. AMPK mediates the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of metformin by regulating the activity and levels of NF-κB, NLRP3, inflammatory cytokines, NRF2, as well as oxidative and antioxidant markers. In addition, other roles of metformin that contribute to reducing the incidence of T2DM and chronic complications—including cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer—include direct inhibition of mitochondrial ROS, inhibition of mTORC1, modulation of gut microbiota, GDF15 upregulation, and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>T2DM, Metformin, AMPK, NF-κB, NLRP3, mTORC1</keyword>
				<start_page>69</start_page>
				<end_page>75</end_page>
				<web_url>https://rcm.mums.ac.ir/article_27694.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Ali</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nosrati Andevari</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>nosrati.ali70@gmail.com</email>
				<code>121631</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article>
			</articleset>
			</journal>