Samaneh Saedi; kiarash ghazvini; Masoud Youssefi; Hadi Safdar; saman soleimanpour; Parviz Afrough; Amir Azimian; hamid solgi; Masoud Keikha
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is still one of the most dangerous human pathogens. Identification of the relationships between different clinical strains has remained a high priority for epidemiology research. Methods: In this study, we used MLSA (Multilocus sequence analysis) to generate ...
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AbstractBackground: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is still one of the most dangerous human pathogens. Identification of the relationships between different clinical strains has remained a high priority for epidemiology research. Methods: In this study, we used MLSA (Multilocus sequence analysis) to generate a highly robust phylogeny of M. tuberculosis. MLSA, based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was performed on five genes fragments from the Rpsl (302 bp), MprA (559 bp), LipR (322 bp), KatG (488 bp) and Fgd1 (266 bp), in order to identify polymorphic nucleotide sites, and the discriminatory power of each locus for all genes was measured with Hunter‐Gaston Index (HGI). Results: In this study, a sequence type (ST) number was assigned to each unique allelic profile, and 9 sequence types were identified from 20 strains, these imply that there is a high diversity of strains in this area. Conclusion: Our results showed that the presence of high genetic diversity among clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis in Northeast of Iran. There is no evidence for recent transmission. Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Multi-locus sequence analysis; Molecular epidemiology; Tuberculosis; KatG; Rpsl1. IntroductionMycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), the causative agents of tuberculosis (TB), is one of the most successful human pathogens, infecting nearly one-third of the people all around the world, causing over 9 million new cases and 1.7 million deaths each year [1-2]. Identification of the relationships between different clinical strains of M. tuberculosis has great significance to the public health [3].
Zahra Ameri Golestan; Nasrin Moghadas Sharif; Nasser Shoeibi; Asieh Ehsaei; Alireza Eslampour; Maryam Kadkhoda; Javad Heravian Shandiz
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of phacoemulsification on macular thickness and volume in diabetic patients without retinopathy using optical coherence tomography (OCT).Methods: This prospective study included 37 diabetics and 55 non-diabetic patients (n=92) with cataract who ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of phacoemulsification on macular thickness and volume in diabetic patients without retinopathy using optical coherence tomography (OCT).Methods: This prospective study included 37 diabetics and 55 non-diabetic patients (n=92) with cataract who were scheduled for phacoemulsification. The participants were entered into the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria following a complete eye examination. Macular thickness and volume were measured preoperatively as well as one month postoperatively using the OCT (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany).Results: The present study analyzed 76 eyes of 76 patients with immature cataract. No significant differences were observed between diabetic and non-diabetic groups in terms of thickness and volume in the macular area. However, the results showed a significant increase in both groups regarding the thickness and volume after phacoemulsification. Conclusion: The results of the present study reveal that diabetes has no effects on the changes in macular thickness and volume after cataract surgery in diabetic eyes without retinopathy.
Ashraf Mohammadzadeh; Nafiseh Pourbadakhshan; Ahmad Shah Farhat; Azin Vaezi
Abstract
Introduction: Gestational diabetes is a multifactorial disease that genetic and environmental factors affect insulin sensitivity. This study was designed with consideration towards the importance of micronutrients in carbohydrate metabolism.Methods: The present case-control study was performed on 100 ...
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Introduction: Gestational diabetes is a multifactorial disease that genetic and environmental factors affect insulin sensitivity. This study was designed with consideration towards the importance of micronutrients in carbohydrate metabolism.Methods: The present case-control study was performed on 100 pregnant women referred to Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Fifty pregnant women with gestational diabetes as defined by the American Diabetes Association guideline were considered as the case group and 50 non-diabetic pregnant women formed the control group. Maternal demographic information was recorded in the checklist . Serum levels of zinc, copper, selenium and chromium were measured in both groups. After data collection, they were processed with spss16 software.Results:The mean age of diabetic and non-diabetic pregnant mothers was 32.33 ± 5.92 and 26.32 ± 5.38 years respectively, and their mean weight was 82.87 ± 10.81 kg in the case and 73.18 ± 10.6 kg in the control group. Maternal weight and age in the gestational diabetes group were significantly higher. (both p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the case and control groups in terms of family history of diabetes in first-degree relatives; history of formula fed mothers during infancy, gravid > 3 ,and low gestational age were all more common in women with gestational diabetes (p < 0.05). In contrast to chromium, serum levels of zinc, copper and selenium were higher in the group with gestational diabetes.Conclusion: No significant relation was observed between serum zinc, copper, chromium and selenium levels with gestational diabetes.
Hamideh Ebrahimi Gore; Ali Taghizadeh; AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf; Ali Shamshirian; Mohammad Reza Motie
Abstract
Introduction: The breast cancer burden is still increasing, both in developing and developed countries. The present study was conducted to determine the survival rate of breast cancer based on tumor biological subtypes in patients referring to three referral oncology centers at Mashhad University of ...
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Introduction: The breast cancer burden is still increasing, both in developing and developed countries. The present study was conducted to determine the survival rate of breast cancer based on tumor biological subtypes in patients referring to three referral oncology centers at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Methods: The present population-based study was conducted at Imam Reza Hospital, Omid Hospital, and Reza Oncology Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Demographic information, the status of biomarkers in immune-histochemical evaluation, clinical and pathological features of the tumor, type of therapy, recurrence, or death was recorded for each eligible patient.Results: In total, 247 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 48.8 ± 1.3 years. The mean time of survival was 2.64±0.13 years. In detail, the survival rate from the first year to the fifth year was reported as 100%, 96%, 91%, 90%, and 89%, respectively. The survival rate of the luminal B subtype was higher than other subtypes but the difference was not significant (P=0.7). Only in terms of metastasis, there was a significant difference between the alive and dead patients (P=0.0001).Conclusion: Despite no significant relationship between biological markers, the breast cancer subtype, and its survival rate, the overall survival rate of the patients decreased lightly through five years. However, further studies are required to indicate more accurate data about the breast cancer survival rate in our region.
Shahabaddin Sorouri; Maryam Naseri
Abstract
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare and fatal disease with non-specific clinical presentation often misdiagnosed as group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The rate of occurrence per one million people is reported to be one-tenth to two-tenths of cases, annually. Our case was a 25-year-old ...
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Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare and fatal disease with non-specific clinical presentation often misdiagnosed as group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The rate of occurrence per one million people is reported to be one-tenth to two-tenths of cases, annually. Our case was a 25-year-old young woman who complained of aggravation of dyspnea during exertion and slight chest pain for two months. Her work-up included pulmonary function test (PFT), an echocardiogram, body box plethysmograph test, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) test, positive ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan, computed tomography (CT) scan of chest, cardiac catheterization, and video-assisted thorascopic surgery (VATS). Echocardiography showed high pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP). The particular aspect of the present case was that due to the V/Q scan, the patient was diagnosed with chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH) and treated with anticoagulant, which did not have a good response. The crucial point is that in PVOD patients, V/Q scan can report segmental and subsegmental defects similar to CTEPH patients that creates a diagnostic challenge in patients. Definitive diagnosis of PVOD was based on VATS. Hypoxia, decreased DLCO, normal V/Q scan, and chest CT findings were used to diagnose PVOD. The patient’s treatment with diuretics, bosentan, and tadalafil led to the recovery of the patient’s hypoxia, saving her life for further treatment. With respect to the heterogeneous nature of the clinical presentation in PVOD patients, high clinical suspicion and appropriate diagnostic measures are required for diagnosis. The present study showed that PAH specific drugs in addition to diuretics can be used cautiously to control disease progression and save patients for lung transplantation.
Atefeh Kebriaei; Asieh Ehsaei; Hadi Ostadimoghaddam; Elham Bakhtiari; Mojtaba Salamati; NEGAREH YAZDANI; Shima Mesbahi
Abstract
Purpose: to compare the refractive error measurements achieved through three distinct techniques: retinoscopy, subjective method, and the subjective fogging method. Methods: Participants included 223 young adults aged 18 to 36 years (mean age: 25.63±5.31). The refractive error of one eye was measured ...
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Purpose: to compare the refractive error measurements achieved through three distinct techniques: retinoscopy, subjective method, and the subjective fogging method. Methods: Participants included 223 young adults aged 18 to 36 years (mean age: 25.63±5.31). The refractive error of one eye was measured under three different accommodation control conditions: subjective refraction, fogging subjective refraction and retinoscopy.Results: Data were collected for 223 young adults. The average Spherical value obtained by the retinoscopy method was 0.21 and the average cylinder was -0.76. These values were -0.01 and -0.75, respectively, in the subjective with fog method: The Spherical value and cylinder obtained by the regular subjective method were -0.13 and -0.74 D, respectively; The mean spherical equivalent with subjective refraction method was more minus than fogging subjective refraction and retinoscopy provided the most plus results. the difference in spherical and spherical equivalent value between three methods was significant (p- value< 0.001) but the difference in cylindrical value between three groups was not significant (p- value> 0.05). According to the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient analysis, the agreement between three methods for measuring sphere (ICC= 0.99), cylinder (ICC= 0.95) and spherical equivalent (ICC= 0.99) was good.Conclusions: The results showed that retinoscopy and fogging subjective refraction were the most similar methods, with a small mean difference. However, the comparison between retinoscopy and subjective refraction had wider limits of agreement than retinoscopy and fogging subjective refraction. Key words: Retinoscopy, subjective, refraction, fogging
Farah Ashrafzadeh; Farideh Sahebkar; Anahita Alizadeh; Majid Sezavar; Babak Karimi; Maryam Naseri; Gholamreza Khademi
Abstract
Introduction: Poisoning is the most common method of non-fatal suicide. In recent years, poisoning caused by the use of medications and chemicals has increased. The present study aimed to investigate the rate of suicide using toxic compounds in Iranian children.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted ...
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Introduction: Poisoning is the most common method of non-fatal suicide. In recent years, poisoning caused by the use of medications and chemicals has increased. The present study aimed to investigate the rate of suicide using toxic compounds in Iranian children.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted using the data of 83 children aged 5-16 years who attempted suicide using toxic substances and were admitted to the pediatric and toxicology departments of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Results: Among 500 suicide cases, 83 committed suicide using toxic substances, and 8.4% of the suicides were committed by children aged 5-7 years. In addition, 60% of the suicide cases were aged 14-16 years. In total, 45.5% of the children committed suicide with prior planning (statistically significant). The peak time of referral to the emergency department was between 6-12 PM, and more than 90% of the patients were admitted with stable vital signs. The most commonly used toxic substance was organophosphate. During admission, psychiatric counseling was not provided to 36.1% of the patients, and the clinical outcomes also showed the use of non-lethal doses. Conclusion: According to the results, it is of utmost importance to assess the underlying causes of suicide attempts in early childhood (e.g., prior planning and antisocial behaviors), especially with the increased age of children to 14-16 years in such incidents.
Amir Sabertanha; Samaneh Kouzegaran; Ramin Honarmand; Sajjad Jahangiri
Abstract
Spinal anesthesia is gaining popularity and more frequent use due to its efficacy, patient satisfaction, lower complication rates, and good durability. Nerve blocks reduce the complications and risks associated with general anesthesia and lessen the patient’s need for postoperative care compared ...
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Spinal anesthesia is gaining popularity and more frequent use due to its efficacy, patient satisfaction, lower complication rates, and good durability. Nerve blocks reduce the complications and risks associated with general anesthesia and lessen the patient’s need for postoperative care compared to general anesthesia, leading to earlier patient discharge. One spinal procedure involves administering low doses for anesthesia induction. This review article explored this approach by incorporating studies reporting the administration of lower doses of the local anesthetic bupivacaine. Findings indicate that lower and conventional doses of bupivacaine have comparable sensory and motor block impacts and induction times. However, the recovery time at lower doses is faster, and patients are discharged sooner from the postanaesthetic care unit. Complications associated with spinal anesthesia are significantly decreased at lower doses of bupivacaine administration. Thus, lower doses can be used to induce spinal anesthesia successfully with minimal adverse effects.
sayyed Majid sadrzadeh; Reza Khoshbakht; Seyed Mohammad Mousavi; Elnaz Vafadar Moradi; Behrang Rezvani Kakhki; Mansoore Sadat Moosavi; Mahdis Ghavidel
Abstract
Introduction: This study investigated the serum levels of Covid-19 IgM-IgG antibodies in three exposure groups in the Shahid Hasheminejad Hospital in Mashhad, Iran.Methods: Between March 2020 and March 170, 2021 serum samples were taken from hospital personnel. To determine the levels of COVID-19 IgM-IgG ...
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Introduction: This study investigated the serum levels of Covid-19 IgM-IgG antibodies in three exposure groups in the Shahid Hasheminejad Hospital in Mashhad, Iran.Methods: Between March 2020 and March 170, 2021 serum samples were taken from hospital personnel. To determine the levels of COVID-19 IgM-IgG antibodies, we used the ELISA method (Pishgaman kit). Results were categorized as negative if they were less than 0.9, borderline if they were between 0.9 and 1.1, and positive if they were greater than 1.1. We used SPSS version 26 to evaluate the data. The exposure groups were separated into low (first group), moderate (second group), and high-risk (third group) levels.Results: 53 members of the 170 staff belonged to the first group, 51 to the second, and 66 to the third. There were 135 patients with negative IgG, 13 with IgG in the borderline range, and 22 with positive IgG. Furthermore, 9 individuals exhibited a positive IgM, while one had a borderline range IgM and 160 a negative IgM. In the first group, 56.6% of personnel reported cough, 5.9% of personnel in the second group had fever, and 24.2% of personnel in the third group experienced shortness of breath.Conclusion:The findings from this research indicated that there was no clear association between working in wards with higher risks and increased IgG and IgM levels. However, the results did reveal that being in wards with a high number of COVID-19 patients could result in more fever symptoms.
Masoomeh Tabari; Alireza Sharifian; Elham Bakhtiari; Negin Yadollahi
Abstract
Introduction: Airway safety for difficult intubation or failure to intubate is important during anesthesia. This study assessed the airway before anesthesia, and the diagnostic value of neck circumference (NC) and sternomental distance (SMD) tests was investigated in predicting difficult tracheal intubation ...
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Introduction: Airway safety for difficult intubation or failure to intubate is important during anesthesia. This study assessed the airway before anesthesia, and the diagnostic value of neck circumference (NC) and sternomental distance (SMD) tests was investigated in predicting difficult tracheal intubation during cesarean section.Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 101 women who were candidates for cesarean section were selected through the convenience and non-random sampling method. The modified Mallampati test (MMT), upper lip bite (ULBT), thyromental distance (TMD), neck circumference (NC), and sternomental distance (SMD) tests were performed to estimate the laryngoscopy problem. The success rate of airway assessment by SMD and NC was evaluated using the Cormack-Lehane score. Data analysis was performed using the software SPSS version 16.0.Results: TMD (p=0.034) and NC (p<0.001) indicated substantial association with laryngoscopy grades. The sensitivity was 35.29% and 58.82%, and the specificity was 93.93% and 59.09% for NC and SMD. The accuracy, NPV, and PPV of NC was higher than the SMD test (74% vs. 59%, 73.80% vs. 73.58, and 75% vs. 42.55%). The PPV and NPV were 43.63% and 77.77% for TMD. MMT, with high sensitivity (73.52%) and specificity (90.90%), increased the risk of difficult laryngoscopy up to 24-fold when adjusted for TMD, SMD, and NC [p<0.001; OR=24.38 (6.31-94.25)]. Although NC indicated low sensitivity, it had maximum specificity (93.93%) in predicting difficult intubation.Conclusion: High Mallampati grades increase the risk of difficult laryngoscopy. NC presented low predictive values, and SMD and TMD lack predictive values for difficult intubation.
Abdolreza Malek; Sepideh Seyedkaboli; Asma Batouri; Amir Muhammad khuban; Mahdieh Vahedi
Abstract
Introduction: Between 50-75% of children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience kidney involvement within the first year of diagnosis. The gold standard for diagnosing renal involvement in SLE is a renal biopsy. It is uncommon for SLE to cause isolated tubular involvement ...
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Introduction: Between 50-75% of children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience kidney involvement within the first year of diagnosis. The gold standard for diagnosing renal involvement in SLE is a renal biopsy. It is uncommon for SLE to cause isolated tubular involvement without any glomerular disease.Case Presentation: We report an adolescent girl with a known history of systemic lupus erythematosus who presented to the emergency department with progressively worsening weakness. The diagnosis revealed that she had distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) without any glomerular disease. Her history of nephrocalcinosis and kidney stones on renal ultrasound is most consistent with distal renal tubular acidosis diagnosis.Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of considering renal tubular acidosis in lupus patients who experience recurrent hypokalemic episodes. When a patient presents with a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis and hyperchloremia, without evidence of gastrointestinal HCO3 loss or absorption of exogenous acid, renal tubular acidosis (RTA) should be considered.
lahya afsharisaleh; Pegah Kheradmand; shabnam Niroumand; Hossein Zakeri
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea causes various psychological and physical complications, reduces productivity, and increases vehicle accidents. This study investigated the association of obstructive sleep apnea with the level of physical activity.Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional ...
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Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea causes various psychological and physical complications, reduces productivity, and increases vehicle accidents. This study investigated the association of obstructive sleep apnea with the level of physical activity.Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, people who referred to a specialized occupational medicine clinic were enrolled by simple random method. After applying the entry criteria, participants completed package including demographic and occupational data, the IPAQ International Activity Questionnaire, the ESS daily sleepiness assessment and the STOP-BANG (SB) questionnaire. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles were measured and divided into two groups according to the score of SB questionnaire. Results: Totally 126 participants were enrolled and the mean age was 36.85 ± 9.88 years. There were 65 subjects(52%) high risk to obstructive sleep apnea and 61 non- cases (48%). The group with SB score less than 3 was significantly more frequent. Glucose, triglyceride and LDL levels were significantly higher in obstructive sleep group (p<0.05). Participants with low physical activity had significantly higher chance of obstructive apnea (OR = 9.6, 95% CI 1.1–78.8berr In addition, rotational shift decreased the odds of obstructive sleep apnea to 0.17 and Individuals with ESS more than 10 carried higher odds of obstructive sleep apnea.Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between the severity of obstructive sleep apnea and physical activity. Exercise and daily activities in people who are prone to disease as well as patients with a disease can help to prevent and improve apnea and its subsequent complications.
Nasrin Milani; Mohamad Sajjadi-Manesh; Ehsan Mousa-Farkhani; Ali Taghipour
Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most life-threatening disorders worldwide. Although some examinations have demonstrated an incidental relationship between blood pressure and serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, there have been new exchanges of views with respect to the influence of low ...
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Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most life-threatening disorders worldwide. Although some examinations have demonstrated an incidental relationship between blood pressure and serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, there have been new exchanges of views with respect to the influence of low vitamin D levels in hypertension. This study aims to find out the relationship between hypertension and regular consumption of vitamin D. Methods: A case-control study was conducted with regard to secondary data (SINA system) among people, aged 30 years old or older, registered in 2017-2018. A sample size of 1,500 patients was used comprising of 500 patients with hypertension as the case group and 1,000 people without history of hypertension as the control group. The population was selected randomly. High blood pressure diagnostic criteria were considered in the same manner with the clinical guidelines of the 7th National Joint Committee. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software.Results: Regular consumption of vitamin D had a protective role on hypertension (P value <0.05) and [OR= 0.421 (0.353- 0.505)].Conclusion: By identifying hypertension risk factors, taking measures to prevent it would be more practical and the risk of hypertension can be reduced. An enormous volume of epidemiological and empirical proof is indicative of the fact that vitamin D deficiency can lead to high blood pressure. The present investigation proves that vitamin D supplementary may serve as a convenient method to diminish the risk of progression of increased blood pressure due to its protective effect on blood pressure.
Shaghayegh Rahmani; Farideh Namvar; Ali khakshour; Roohie Farzaneh; Fateme Tara; Rana kolahi ahari
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (2022), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is liable for more than 572 million cases worldwide and more than six million deaths globally. It has been reported that pregnancy can change the disease manifestations such ...
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According to the World Health Organization (2022), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is liable for more than 572 million cases worldwide and more than six million deaths globally. It has been reported that pregnancy can change the disease manifestations such that gastrointestinal symptoms, which are common in pregnant women, are difficult to distinguish from COVID-19 related complications. Hence, in isolated cases of gastrointestinal or liver forms of COVID-19, diagnosis might be delayed. Previous studies have suggested that serious complications of COVID-19 in pregnancy are associated with a higher body mass index (BMI), gestational diabetes, and older age; thus, this population should be considered as high risk. In this article, we summarized previously published evidence about pregnant women with COVID‐19 and liver dysfunction.
Saba Homapoor; Maryam Sahebari; Mandana Khodashahi
Abstract
Introduction: As a chronic autoimmune disease, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects the joints. Studies have shown a complex and challenging link between cancer and RA. However, articles claim a significant relationship between cancer and treatment with DMARDs and biological DMARDs (e.g., Abatacept); however, ...
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Introduction: As a chronic autoimmune disease, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects the joints. Studies have shown a complex and challenging link between cancer and RA. However, articles claim a significant relationship between cancer and treatment with DMARDs and biological DMARDs (e.g., Abatacept); however, the results are contradictory. Accordingly, this systematic review investigates the prevalence of cancer in RA patients taking Abatacept.Methods: We searched for articles published in four databases, namely Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, and Scopus up to September 29, 2023. The methodology followed recommendations from the Cochrane Handbook. During the search process, we selected articles using keywords such as “rheumatoid arthritis”, “malignancy”, and “cancer” with the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”.”Results: A total of 12 studies were considered, the majority highlighted the effectiveness of Abatacept as an anti-RA medicine in the risk of cancer prevalence. Most of the patients investigated in the trials were female. Lung cancer was the greatest malignancy in those suffering from RA diseases. However, these investigations found no significant link between Abatacept use and cancer risk.Conclusion: There is speculation regarding the potential use of rheumatoid arthritis drugs in treating RA and its potential association with cancer incidence. According to the findings presented in this review article, there was no statistically significant association between the utilization of Abatacept and the prevalence of cancer in patients who were administered Abatacept either as a standalone treatment or in combination with other anti-rheumatoid medications. However, it is advised that further clinical trials be conducted to thoroughly investigate this association.
Armin Mokhtariye; Lida Hagh-Nazari; Abdol-Reza Varasteh; Hadi Mozafari; Fatemeh Keyfi
Abstract
Introduction: Pompe Disease is a type of lysosomal storage disease that is caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal alpha glucosidase. Pompe disease, as a multi-systemic disorder has a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms. The objective of this research was to validate and standardize the fluorometric ...
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Introduction: Pompe Disease is a type of lysosomal storage disease that is caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal alpha glucosidase. Pompe disease, as a multi-systemic disorder has a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms. The objective of this research was to validate and standardize the fluorometric method to detect alpha glucosidase activity, which can be used to identify patients with Pompe disease.Methods: This study was performed on 45 Pompe patients and 50 healthy control subjects. Dried blot spots were collected and subjected to an alpha glucosidase activity assay using the fluorometric method. The obtained fluorometric outcomes were then compared to those of the validated MS-MS method.Results: The control group showed a greater level of lysosomal alpha glucosidase activity compared to patients with Pompe disease (P value <0.001). A strong correlation was observed between fluorometric and MS-MS methods, as indicated by the high correlation coefficient (R2=0.955). Conclusion:Accurate and reliable detection of Pompe disease is based on laboratory diagnosis. Alpha glucosidase activity assays are used for initial diagnosis because of they are cost-effective and simple. However, the current research shows that the fluorometric method is also a reliable, cost-effective, and simple alternative to identify Pompe disease.
Kazem Saeedi; Ali Taghipour; Ehsan Mousa-Farkhani; Nasrin Milani
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy. Given the importance of the screening and treatment of gestational diabetes for the prevention of maternal and fetal complications, the present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the ...
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Introduction: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy. Given the importance of the screening and treatment of gestational diabetes for the prevention of maternal and fetal complications, the present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the pregnant women covered by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.Methods: This study was conducted on the women with pregnancy intention or confirmed pregnancy, referring to the health centers affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences during March 2017-September 2018. The patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were identified based on the latest WHO criteria in 2013. Data were collected on the conducted experiments and recorded in the integrated health information system (SINA). Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 25 using Chi-square and logistic regression.Results: During the study period, 2,710 women (4.3%) were diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus. The mean age of the patients was 28.5656.379 years. In terms of the influential factors, significant correlations were observed between gestational diabetes mellitus and family history of diabetes (OR=4.278; P<0.0001), history of gestational diabetes mellitus (OR=3.880; P<0.0001), body mass index (OR=2.302; P<0.0001), history of macrosomia (OR=1.656; P<0.003), history of recurrent miscarriage (OR=1.759; P<0.007), and preeclampsia (OR=1.914; P<0.045). Conclusion: According to the results, the prevalence of diabetes in Mashhad city (4.3%) seems to be slightly lower than other areas. Special attention must be paid to the pregnant women with the influential factors of gestational diabetes mellitus through selective screening based on the risk factors of the disease.
Mehrnaz Olfat; Raheleh Assari; Mohamad-Taghi Majnoon; Vahid Ziaee
Abstract
Introduction: The symptoms and laboratory findings of Kawasaki disease (KD) and systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA) may overlap in the early phases. Coronary artery lesions are common complications seen in KD.Cases Presentation: In this article, we report three cases of SoJIA (two males ...
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Introduction: The symptoms and laboratory findings of Kawasaki disease (KD) and systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA) may overlap in the early phases. Coronary artery lesions are common complications seen in KD.Cases Presentation: In this article, we report three cases of SoJIA (two males and one female) with prolonged relapsing fever and coronary artery involvement. Initially, all three cases were presumed to have KD and were treated with IVIG. All three cases had arthritis and lymphadenopathy, and one of them had a skin rash. After 3-8 weeks, fever and main clinical symptoms returned. In the second evaluation, they met the criteria for SoJIA and were treated with methylprednisolone, ibuprofen, and methotrexate. High ferritin levels were observed in all three cases (mean=6024 ng/ml).Conclusion: Coronary artery involvement may rarely be seen in the early phases of SoJIA. Continuing or relapsing fever, late-onset arthritis, and increased serum ferritin levels may help distinguish SoJIA from KD.
Samaneh Kouzegaran; Hamid Ahanchian; Seyed Ahmad Emami; Neda Ansari; Jamshid Yousefi; Nasrin Moazzen; Nafiseh Pourbadakhshan; Rana Tafrishi; Aida Ansari; Nasrinsadat Motevalli
Abstract
Introduction: Asthma is a very common chronic disease among children. As for its treatment, in recent years there is an increased tendency towards supplemental treatments. Hence, many of these patients are administered complementary and alternative treatments including herbal medicine.Methods:Through ...
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Introduction: Asthma is a very common chronic disease among children. As for its treatment, in recent years there is an increased tendency towards supplemental treatments. Hence, many of these patients are administered complementary and alternative treatments including herbal medicine.Methods:Through a cross-sectional study, we evaluated the common herbal remedies used in asthmatic children referred to the allergy clinic of Sarvar Children’s Hospital in Mashhad. All data related to the patients (i.e., age, sex, and history of all remedies consumed as well as the responsible persons prescribing the pertinent medications) were recorded in a checklist.Results: In this study, 582 asthmatic children with the average age of 77.4±41.7 months were evaluated. The overall herbal remedies usage was 59.8%. There was no significant differences between age groups, sex, or asthma severity and herbal remedy usage. Thirty-seven different herbal remedies were prescribed to the patients, the most common herb was thymes (65.3%) followed by a four-seed herbal mixture (23.6%), Plantago major (12%) and Cydonia oblonga (quince) (10.8%).Conclusion:Limited information is available regarding complementary and alternative medicine in asthmatic children in Iran. The present study showed the high prevalence of herbal medicine usage in asthmatic children in this region. Hence, further studies should determine the clinical benefits of these remedies
Nasrin moazzen; sepideh bagheri; Nosrat Ghaemi; Sara Nikpour; Mojtaba Lotfi; Hamid Ahanchian
Abstract
Abstract: Background: type 1 diabetes is one of the most chronic diseases of childhood. The therapeutic recommendation for this condition is quite complex and needs changes in lifestyle. Recently the role of gut microbiota has received attention as a possible mechanism in the pathogenesis and control ...
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Abstract: Background: type 1 diabetes is one of the most chronic diseases of childhood. The therapeutic recommendation for this condition is quite complex and needs changes in lifestyle. Recently the role of gut microbiota has received attention as a possible mechanism in the pathogenesis and control of the disease.Methods: One hundred thirty Children aged 6-18 years old with newly diagnosed diabetes type one participate in the trial. They are randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The patients will receive a six month course of probiotics or placebo besides their conventional treatment with insulin and they will be followed for at least one year. Participants are followed at 3 month intervals for one year. At each visit anthropometrical data, glycemic control and total dose of insulin required to keep the optimal glycemic control is evaluated and registered.Discussion: There is evidence that alterations in gut microbiota is seen in children with diabetes. In this study we aim to evaluate the effect of probiotic administration on the duration of honeymoon period in pediatrics with type one diabetes and their glycemic control and insulin requirements.
Maryam Hami; Mehrdad Sarabi; Mehdi Hassanzade Daloee; Hassan Mehrad-Majd; Abdollah Firoozi; Niloofar Nourizadeh; Niloofar Nikpasand; Sara Naghizadeh Kashani; Mina AkbariRad
Abstract
Background and aim: Cardiac arrhythmia is common in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, especially those undergoing hemodialysis. One of the most significant risk factors for cardiac arrhythmias is thought to be electrolytic abnormalities. This study aimed to assess the effect of hemodialysis on ...
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Background and aim: Cardiac arrhythmia is common in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, especially those undergoing hemodialysis. One of the most significant risk factors for cardiac arrhythmias is thought to be electrolytic abnormalities. This study aimed to assess the effect of hemodialysis on cardiac arrhythmias according to electrolytic disorders in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on ESRD patients who had undergone hemodialysis for at least six months. An electrocardiogram (ECG) and serum levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were checked before and after hemodialysis for all the patients. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS software.Results: In this study, 96 patients were included. The most common arrhythmia was atrial fibrillation (AF) (22.9%). Our findings revealed that changes in serum potassium levels (p = 0.036) had a significant relationship with the occurrence of AF. There was a significant negative relationship between changes in serum calcium level and the QTc interval (r = -0.223 and p = 0.023). Furthermore, there was a significant positive relationship between changes in serum calcium levels and the QRS complex amplitude (r = 0.350 and p = 0.0001).Conclusion: ECG abnormalities, especially AF arrhythmias, are common in patients undergoing hemodialysis, which highlights the need for ECG monitoring both during and after hemodialysis.
Davood Oliaee; Hamid Reza Niazkar; Abbasali Abbasnezhad; Mohammad Ghorbani; Parisa Sadat Alavi Shahri; Saeide Saghaee Shahri; Kasra Ghanaiyan
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with a high prevalence, which affects approximately 25% of the world’s population. This systematic review aimed to assess the Iranian research regarding the effects of medicinal plants on pancreatic beta cells in diabetes.Methods: This ...
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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with a high prevalence, which affects approximately 25% of the world’s population. This systematic review aimed to assess the Iranian research regarding the effects of medicinal plants on pancreatic beta cells in diabetes.Methods: This systematic review was conducted via searching in databases such as Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect until April 2018. The studied that were published in Iran, peer-reviewed, and designed as a randomized control trial on type I diabetes were retrieved and screened.Result: The initial search results of the electronic databases yielded 822 relevant articles. After two stages of screening, checking the references, and removing the duplicate articles in various databases, 18 articles were finally selected for the review.Conclusion: According to the results, medicinal plants have a positive impact on the performance of pancreatic beta cells in animal models through various mechanisms, such as increasing the number, size, regeneration, and reduction of the inflammation of beta cells.
Afshan Shirkavand; Leila Ataie Fashtami; Azita Azarkeivan; Zohreh Zahedi
Abstract
Introduction: Thalassemia consists of a variety of genetic hemoglobinopathies. Thalassemia-major causes anemia in early age. Those suffering from thalassemia need frequent life-long blood transfusions to survive, resulting in iron overload in the body and many health problems. Much improvement has occurred ...
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Introduction: Thalassemia consists of a variety of genetic hemoglobinopathies. Thalassemia-major causes anemia in early age. Those suffering from thalassemia need frequent life-long blood transfusions to survive, resulting in iron overload in the body and many health problems. Much improvement has occurred in predicting the course of Thalassemia major thanks to iron chelation therapy. Edible iron chelating agents are the standard of the chelating process. Deferasirox is a newly developed orally active iron chelating tablet which is used on a daily basis. Th present case study investigated severe dermatopathological reactions to the Iranian made product of Deferasirox.Case presentation: We present a case of adverse drug reactions in a thalassemic patient who was started on Deferasirox orally after receiving Deferoxamine injections for several years with no serious reactions. The patient experiences generalized maculopapular, deep red- blue partially purpuric itchy skin rashes throughout her body. The histopathological biopsy found superficial perivascular or dermatitis with low-grade vasculopathy, few eosinophils, and mild psoriasis form-supraglotticlichenoid epidermal reactions associated with Drug Reaction diagnosis.Conclusion: With regard to inherent features, caution must be applied to start the original Deferasirox for the patients who will undergo the oral chelation process with a smooth increase in the daily dosage for a few weeks in order to create improved tolerance.
Soheila Khazaei
Abstract
This article briefly describes effective factors, the process to access health services, the success of the national and international indices, problems - challenges, concerns and worries about the health of children and system services. Then study the root causes and then paid attention to global and ...
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This article briefly describes effective factors, the process to access health services, the success of the national and international indices, problems - challenges, concerns and worries about the health of children and system services. Then study the root causes and then paid attention to global and national experience to provide solutions in the form of national sector reform program.Material& Methods: Research in statistical reports from confirmed sites about Iran children health situation analysis Research in several findings of Iran statistical investigation &surveys (Iran Ministry of health and medical education)Results:Factors affecting the health are: social and economic factors 50%, access to health services 25%, biological and genetic factors 15% and physical factors 10%. If the development programs in this country will not proceed in a smooth and stable way, the present acceleration of all existing programs will deteriorate.The Census 2016 showed that all provinces were experiencing the positive growth rate. According to the same census provinces like Hamedan, Ardebil, Kermanshah, Kurdistan, Zanjan, Gilan, Lorestan, east and central Azerbaijan, with the population proportion of 23% of total population of Iran had the population growth rate of less than 1% . Life expectancy at birth, during the two decades with the 5.3 year increase, has reached to 72.5 years..According to child health information in Iran, health development is achieved during several recent years by PHC program and trend of child mortality and morbidity decreased significantly by health care programs for this vulnerable ages.
Pegah Rahbarinejad; Fatemeh Sadat Hashemi Javaheri; Mostafa Shahraki Jazinaki; Hamid Reza Kianifar; Saeedeh Talebi
Abstract
Introduction: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) represents a diverse set of disorders that affect the skin and mucous membranes. Ensuring proper nutrition for children and adolescents with Epidermolysis Bullosa is a vital aspect of their treatment plan. The objective of this study is to demonstrate how nutritional ...
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Introduction: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) represents a diverse set of disorders that affect the skin and mucous membranes. Ensuring proper nutrition for children and adolescents with Epidermolysis Bullosa is a vital aspect of their treatment plan. The objective of this study is to demonstrate how nutritional intervention in a specialized nutrition clinic can enhance their well-being.Methods and material: This longitudinal study was conducted over a 3-year period at Akbar Children Hospital, a tertiary facility affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The study included all patients diagnosed with EB based on clinical symptoms and genetic studies.Results: In the present study, the median (25-75 IQR) age of the participants was 81.0 (36.0-156.0) months, and 19% of the participants were girls. The median (25-75 IQR) weight was 17.5 (10.8-24.5) kg, and the mean ± SD of height was 109.9 ± 31.1 cm. Among all types of malnutrition, there was only a significant association between gastrointestinal complications and BMI-for-age z-score (OR: 0.08, P-value=0.039) in the crude model. After adjustment, there was no significant association between gastrointestinal complications and malnutrition. The mean values of weight at the baseline, the first, and the second appointment of the study were 21.3, 21.2, and 24.8 kg, respectively. Moreover, the mean height at the baseline, the first, and the second appointment of the study were 109.4, 121.0, and 123.4 cm, respectively.Conclusion: Regular clinic visits and tailored nutritional interventions positively impact EB patients, emphasizing the importance of managing anemia and deficiencies for their well-being.