Vahid Shojaee; Mostafa Dastani; Alireza Abdolahi; Hamid Reza Rahimi
Abstract
Cerebrovascular event is one of the important causes of death in the world. Carotid artery stenosis is one of main risk factors of cerebrovascular events. Risk factors for atherosclerosis are found in carotid artery stenosis. Thus, coincidence of coronary artery disease and carotid artery stenosis were ...
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Cerebrovascular event is one of the important causes of death in the world. Carotid artery stenosis is one of main risk factors of cerebrovascular events. Risk factors for atherosclerosis are found in carotid artery stenosis. Thus, coincidence of coronary artery disease and carotid artery stenosis were observed. In an individual with high risk of coronary artery plaque formation, peripheral artery stenosis is imaginable. Histological morphology and plaque formation in coronary artery disease and carotid artery stenosis are similar and they occur together most of the time. Although many similar findings were shown in coronary artery disease and carotid artery stenosis, carotid artery stenosis is associated with more severe stenosis compare with coronary artery disease. Carotid artery stenosis does not have exact similar biological activity with coronary artery disease.Some invasive and non-invasive diagnostic methods are established for carotid artery stenosis detection.Same medical and surgical treatment techniques could be used for carotid artery stenosis management that vary due to patient-to-patient specific conditions.
Reza Ghasemi; Mostafa Dastani; Alireza Abdolahi; Hamid Reza Rahimi
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic slow-developing condition affecting medium-size and large blood vessels. It is the principal underlying pathology of coronary heart disease and stroke. In some countries, coronary artery disease (CAD) is the cause of nearly half (48%) of the deaths and, loss of productivity ...
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Atherosclerosis is a chronic slow-developing condition affecting medium-size and large blood vessels. It is the principal underlying pathology of coronary heart disease and stroke. In some countries, coronary artery disease (CAD) is the cause of nearly half (48%) of the deaths and, loss of productivity life. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is defined as atherosclerosis in peripheral arteries instead of coronary arteries. CAD and PAD have same risk factors and underlying pathophysiological processes. Therefore, patient with CAD should be considered for PAD. Ankle brachial index (ABI), duplex sonography, and some other non-invasive techniques are recommended for PAD diagnosis in patients with the history of CAD. Pharmacotherapy, endovascular interventions, and surgical management could be chosen according to the patient’s situation. Cardiologists and general practitioners should consider PAD in a patient with CAD or DM as a strong correlated disease.