Salehe Akhondian; Saeedeh Talebi
Abstract
Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with numerous nutritional and health challenges that significantly impact the patient's quality of life and clinical outcomes. Nutritional management plays a vital role in addressing issues such as pancreatic insufficiency, fat malabsorption, vitamin and ...
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Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with numerous nutritional and health challenges that significantly impact the patient's quality of life and clinical outcomes. Nutritional management plays a vital role in addressing issues such as pancreatic insufficiency, fat malabsorption, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and complications like CF-related diabetes (CFRD) and liver disease (CFLD). This review provides an overview of the essential nutritional assessment, management strategies, and the role of CFTR modulator therapies in improving the nutritional status and health outcomes in CF patients.Methods: A comprehensive review of the current literature regarding the nutritional needs, deficiencies, and therapies in CF patients was conducted, including a focus on pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT), vitamin and mineral supplementation, and the management of bone disease, CFRD, and CFLD. Additionally, the impact of CFTR modulators on nutritional outcomes and related complications was examined.Results: Nutritional assessment in CF is multifaceted, incorporating clinical, anthropometric, body composition, and biochemical evaluations. Early intervention strategies, including PERT and tailored supplementation, are critical for managing fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies, mineral imbalances, and maintaining adequate body mass. The prevalence of CFRD and CFLD significantly impacts CF management, necessitating regular screening and appropriate treatments. CFTR modulator therapies have led to improvements in lung function and nutritional status, though regular monitoring is essential to prevent complications such as hypervitaminosis, altered lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity.Conclusion: A proactive, individualized approach to nutritional management is essential in CF, emphasizing early intervention, regular screening, and personalized therapy to address the diverse challenges faced by these patients.
Salehe Akhondian; morteza ghasemi
Abstract
Introduction Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by CFTR gene mutations, leading to thick mucus that affects multiple organs, resulting in maldigestion, malabsorption, and poor appetite. These factors increase energy needs, causing undernutrition in CF patients. Body mass index (BMI) is ...
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Introduction Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by CFTR gene mutations, leading to thick mucus that affects multiple organs, resulting in maldigestion, malabsorption, and poor appetite. These factors increase energy needs, causing undernutrition in CF patients. Body mass index (BMI) is commonly used but doesn't differentiate lean body mass (LBM) and bone mass. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) provides a more detailed assessment of body composition. This study aims to evaluate the nutritional status of children with CF by analyzing fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) using BIA.Methods This study included CF patients aged 7 to 18 years from the Cystic Fibrosis Specialty Clinic at Akbar Children's Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Excluded were patients with pulmonary exacerbation, severe diarrhea-induced dehydration, or those who did not give informed consent. Anthropometric measurements were assessed using the Tanita BC 418 BIA device.Results 47 patients (48.9% female, 51.1% male) with a mean age of 10.74 ± 2.99 years were evaluated. Significant positive correlations were found between FM and weight Z-score (r=0.512, p<0.001), BMI (r=0.430, p=0.003), and BMI Z-score (r=0.633, p<0.001). FFM was strongly correlated with age (r=0.814, p<0.001), height (r=0.931, p<0.001), and weight (r=0.977, p<0.001). The prevalence of low FM and FFM was 21.3% and 40.4%, respectively. Low FM was significantly associated with increased hospital admission (p=0.021, OR=15.62).Conclusion FM and FFM are strongly linked to growth and nutritional indicators in CF, with low FM correlating to more hospital admissions, highlighting the need for targeted nutritional interventions to improve outcomes.
Reza Zare; Narges Ghazi; Farnaz Mohajertehran; Narges Asfiaee; Pendar Argani; Negar Khodaeni; Salehe Akhondian
Abstract
Introduction:Oral lichen planus treatment offers favorable clinical results over time due to its widespread prevalence. However, to date, there is still no theoretical agreement on the cause of this disease. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) ...
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Introduction:Oral lichen planus treatment offers favorable clinical results over time due to its widespread prevalence. However, to date, there is still no theoretical agreement on the cause of this disease. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in oral lichen planus (OLP) tissue samples by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.Methods:This retrospective study was carried out from 1387 to 1398 on 40 OLP samples (24non-erosive-atrophic and 16 erosive-atrophic forms) in the Oral Pathology Department of Mashhad Dental School. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was undertaken to identify HPV-DNA. Subsequently, the samples for HPV-DNA underwent PCR analysis again with the specific primers. The data were analyzed statistically by chi-square and independent t-test test regarding the significance levelof lower than 0.05.Results: The population consisted of 29 women (72.5%) and 11 men (27.5%) with an average age of 49.48± 2.78 years. Human papillomavirus DNA in none of the studied samples (in none of the groups) was detected by PCR. Gender distribution in the studied groups was not significantly different from each other, as the groups did not differ significantly in average age.Conclusion: No HPV-positive samples were observed in oral lichen planus samples based on the recent findings in the current study of the Iranian population. Nevertheless, the patients› demographic data were not meaningfully associated. More sample sizes with a control group and a complete medical history should be recruited in further studies. Using complementary methods to approve the PCR method can help further studies to demonstrate accurate results.