Farinaz Noorbakhsh; Mahdieh Vahedi; Hayedeh Pazhand Birjandi
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders. Its pathogenesis involves a combination of anatomical and biochemical abnormalities. Type 2 diabetes exhibits a genetic predisposition, while type 1 diabetes has an idiopathic, autoimmune background. Dentists can ...
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AbstractBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders. Its pathogenesis involves a combination of anatomical and biochemical abnormalities. Type 2 diabetes exhibits a genetic predisposition, while type 1 diabetes has an idiopathic, autoimmune background. Dentists can play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and identification of uncontrolled diabetes. Chronic inflammation and infections in the oral cavity can significantly impact disease management. Therefore, any dental lesions or gingival alterations, including periodontitis, must be treated promptly. After taking a thorough medical and dental history of suspicious cases, appropriate diagnostic tests should be conducted, or the patient should be referred to a physician. Early diagnosis of diabetes is instrumental in preventing both acute and chronic complications. Additionally, patients with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing severe illness if infected with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The aim of this article is to share the latest information about the two types of diabetes and to highlight how dentists can contribute to their management.Method and Materials: This article provides a compact overview of relevant articles and books published from 2014 to 2024.Conclusion: Dentists play a vital role in the early diagnosis of diabetes and in identifying uncontrolled or poorly controlled cases. Close cooperation between healthcare providers and dentists is essential for effective diabetes management. This collaboration was particularly important during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abdolreza Malek; Sepideh Seyedkaboli; Asma Batouri; Amir Muhammad khuban; Mahdieh Vahedi
Abstract
Introduction: Between 50-75% of children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience kidney involvement within the first year of diagnosis. The gold standard for diagnosing renal involvement in SLE is a renal biopsy. It is uncommon for SLE to cause isolated tubular involvement ...
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Introduction: Between 50-75% of children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience kidney involvement within the first year of diagnosis. The gold standard for diagnosing renal involvement in SLE is a renal biopsy. It is uncommon for SLE to cause isolated tubular involvement without any glomerular disease.Case Presentation: We report an adolescent girl with a known history of systemic lupus erythematosus who presented to the emergency department with progressively worsening weakness. The diagnosis revealed that she had distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) without any glomerular disease. Her history of nephrocalcinosis and kidney stones on renal ultrasound is most consistent with distal renal tubular acidosis diagnosis.Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of considering renal tubular acidosis in lupus patients who experience recurrent hypokalemic episodes. When a patient presents with a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis and hyperchloremia, without evidence of gastrointestinal HCO3 loss or absorption of exogenous acid, renal tubular acidosis (RTA) should be considered.