Ziya Asan
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological follow-up of cases who had a history of spine trauma and were being followed up for a diagnosis of post-traumatic syringomyelia and to discuss the existing theories in the literature and the vortex effect in pathogenesis.Methods: ...
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Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological follow-up of cases who had a history of spine trauma and were being followed up for a diagnosis of post-traumatic syringomyelia and to discuss the existing theories in the literature and the vortex effect in pathogenesis.Methods: Records of 44 patients who had a history of high-energy spinal trauma and diagnosed post-traumatic syringomyelia after their follow-up were retrospectively evaluated. Cases were evaluated under two groups based on the type of trauma those affected by axial forces and those affected by vertical forces. Results from spinal MRI scans of the cases were recorded. Pathogenesis was aimed to be revealed by uncovering the relationship of trauma type with syringomyelia localization and size.Results: The mean age was 39.8; 26 cases were male, and 18 were female. 10 (58.8%) cases presented cervical, 4 (23.5%) cervicothoracic, and 3 (17.6%) thoracic syringomyelias due to axial trauma. 6 (22.2%) cases presented cervical, 4 (14.8%) cases cervicothoracic, and 17 (62.9%) thoracic syringomyelias due to vertical forces. Segmental asymmetries were frequently encountered among their neurological findings.Conclusion: Syringomyelias appeared most frequently in the cervical and cervicothoracic junction due to the vertebral column being affected by axial forces, whereas in the case of vertical forces, it appeared most frequently in the thoracic segments. When considered along with the mechanisms of syringomyelia development, the appearance of syringomyelias can be explained by a vortex effect inside the central canal.
Mohsen Ebrahimi; Hossein Pirazghandi; Hamid Reza Reihani
Abstract
The management of injured patients is a critical issue in pre-hospital and emergency departments. Trauma victims are usually young and the injuries may lead to mortality or severe morbidities. The severity of injury can be estimated by observing the anatomic and physiologic evidences. Scoring systems ...
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The management of injured patients is a critical issue in pre-hospital and emergency departments. Trauma victims are usually young and the injuries may lead to mortality or severe morbidities. The severity of injury can be estimated by observing the anatomic and physiologic evidences. Scoring systems are used to present a scale of describing the severity of the injuries in the victims.We reviewed the evidences of famous scoring systems, the history of their development, applications and their evolutions. We searched electronic database PubMed and Google scholar with keywords: (trauma OR injury) AND (severity OR intensity) AND (score OR scale).In this paper, we are going to present a definition of scoring systems and discuss the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS), the most acceptable systems, their applications and their advantages and limitations.Several injury-scoring methods have been introduced. Each method has specific features, advantages and disadvantages. The AIS is an anatomical-based scoring system, which provides a standard numerical scale of ranking and comparing injuries. The ISS was established as a platform for trauma data registry. ISS is also an anatomically-based ordinal scale, with a range of 1-75. Several databases and studies are formed based on ISS and are available for trauma management research.Although the ISS is not perfect, it is established as the basic platform of health services and public health researches. The ISS registering system can provide many opportunities for the development of efficient data recording and statistical analyzing models.