Omid Pouresmaeil; Jalal Mardaneh
Abstract
AbstractPantoea agglomerans is a Gram-negative rod that forms aggregates in liquid media. It is known for causing opportunistic infections in humans, especially in hospital settings and wounds from plant materials. The bacterium can lead to various infections like arthritis, endophthalmitis, and bacteremia, ...
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AbstractPantoea agglomerans is a Gram-negative rod that forms aggregates in liquid media. It is known for causing opportunistic infections in humans, especially in hospital settings and wounds from plant materials. The bacterium can lead to various infections like arthritis, endophthalmitis, and bacteremia, often from wooden splinters or plant thorns. Infections are diverse and affect immunocompromised individuals but respond well to antibiotics. P. agglomerans can be identified by its morphological characteristics and growth preferences in the lab. Resistance to Fosfomycin can aid in identification. Treatment typically involves antibiotics like imipenem and fluoroquinolones. Hospital-acquired infections from P. agglomerans have been linked to scenarios like endocarditis and septicemia. Selective culture media are crucial for isolating Pantoea species from clinical specimens. Regarding the treatment of infections induced by P. agglomerans, it is noteworthy that this bacterium generally exhibits susceptibility to a broad spectrum of antibiotics. Notably, these include but are not limited to imipenem, fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin), aminoglycosides (e.g., amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin), broad-spectrum cephalosporins, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Kobra Salimiyan rizi; Kiarash Ghazvini; Hadi Farsiani
Abstract
Enterobacter spp. is a gram-negative environmental bacterium, which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and is found in water, sewage, soil, and plants. These bacteria are common among humans and animals, and the most frequently isolated species is Enterobacter cloacae. The species of this genus ...
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Enterobacter spp. is a gram-negative environmental bacterium, which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and is found in water, sewage, soil, and plants. These bacteria are common among humans and animals, and the most frequently isolated species is Enterobacter cloacae. The species of this genus are often opportunistic pathogens with expanding significance in nosocomial infections, particularly in neonates, immunocompromised patients in intensive care units, emergency sections, skin and soft tissue infection wards, and urology wards. With the unexpected and rapid increase in antibiotic resistance in various bacterial species, there has been a new alarm for the health of the human community. Enterobacter species cause pneumonitis, bacteremia, post-neurosurgical meningitis, neonatal meningitis, skin and soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infections. Some of the main risk factors for the occurrence and dissemination of Enterobacter spp. infections are poor hand hygiene, crowding, low birth weight, premature birth, intubation of patients, prolonged hospital stay, contaminated infant formula, intravenous feeding, use of extended-spectrum antibiotics and use of intravenous catheters.