Niaz Mohammad Jafari Chokan; Hamidreza Reihani; Elham Pishbin
Abstract
Anterior shoulder dislocation is the most common joint dislocation in human body. Many methods are traditionally described for reduction of shoulder dislocation. Most of these techniques are painful to patients and may be associated with further injury. An ideal method should be easy, effective, and ...
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Anterior shoulder dislocation is the most common joint dislocation in human body. Many methods are traditionally described for reduction of shoulder dislocation. Most of these techniques are painful to patients and may be associated with further injury. An ideal method should be easy, effective, and less painful, not associated with iatrogenic complications and should be easy to teach and learn. Among different methods of reduction, external rotation and Milch methods are more popular. Both methods are found to be atraumatic, relatively painless and can be performed without anesthesia. In this article, we aimed to review the literatures regarding these two methods of reduction and comparing their success rate and outcome. We reviewed the literature to find articles related to reduction of anterior shoulder dislocations applying one of two techniques described above. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar. In total, 46 articles were found, of them 17 articles -which mainly focused on anterior shoulder dislocation reduction by means of two above methods-were included in this review. The results showed that both techniques were effective, safe, relatively painless, and were well tolerated with no complications, but the external rotation method was superior.
Ameneh Rezaee Gheshlaghi; Hamid Zamani Moghadam Dolu; Elham Pishbin; Maryam Salehi
Abstract
Central venous line is one of a creative instrument that saves human’s life in critical medical situation. Central venous line access is frequently involved in the disease management. It is used for rapid fluid therapy, transvenous pacemakers, infusion of some medications, hemodialysis or plasmapheresis ...
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Central venous line is one of a creative instrument that saves human’s life in critical medical situation. Central venous line access is frequently involved in the disease management. It is used for rapid fluid therapy, transvenous pacemakers, infusion of some medications, hemodialysis or plasmapheresis and etc. Most of the emergency departments have some staffs that are trained for central venous line insertion but related complications occur during central venous line placement.Central venous line might have some complications and complication follow-up should be considered. Thromboembolism and infection are two important medical complications. Arterial puncture, hematoma, pneumothorax and hemothorax are mechanical Central venous line complications. Chest X-ray and some other techniques should be used for detecting these complications.Central venous line tip misplace is a considerable problem for emergency department staffs, previously chest X-ray has been used for central venous line misplace detection. In some recent studies, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and intravascular electrocardiography have been used for central venous line misplace.
Morteza Hariri Ahari; Elham Pishbin
Abstract
Vitamin D receptors are located in body tissues and cells. In various physiological processes of the body the primary circulating form of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, will become the active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, through many enzymatic. Although different functions of vitamin D has been identified, ...
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Vitamin D receptors are located in body tissues and cells. In various physiological processes of the body the primary circulating form of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, will become the active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, through many enzymatic. Although different functions of vitamin D has been identified, reducing the possibility of several chronic diseases, including common cancers, autoimmune, infectious, and cardiovascular diseases is proposed as the major role of this component. According to various experimental and clinical studies, vitamin D affects the immune system activity. In this review we study the possible effects of vitamin D on sepsis. The purpose of this review is to evaluate and summarize the role of vitamin D in the immune system, with particular focus on infections and sepsis. We studied different areas related to vitamin D in the literature review including its roles sepsis and infection incidence, as well as seasonal and racial variation in sepsis. Based on evidence, vitamin D positively affects the immune system, so it might act as a therapeutic strategy. Despite several experimental studies which demonstrated the beneficial effects of vitamin D on improved functioning of the immune system, its association with prevention or management of infections and sepsis is not revealed through clinical investigations.
Elham Pishbin; Moloud Foogerdi
Abstract
Blunt chest trauma accounts for the majority of mortalities and morbidities in traumatized patients. Rib fractures are one of the most common chest wall injuries due to blunt chest trauma, which is estimated to occur in 10% of all traumatic injuries. Conventional radiography and ultra-sonography are ...
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Blunt chest trauma accounts for the majority of mortalities and morbidities in traumatized patients. Rib fractures are one of the most common chest wall injuries due to blunt chest trauma, which is estimated to occur in 10% of all traumatic injuries. Conventional radiography and ultra-sonography are two commonly methods used for rib fractures diagnosis with different accuracy. In this study, we described different methods used in diagnosis of injuries related to blunt chest trauma and we aimed to review several studies compared the diagnostic value of these methods.