Original article
fatemeh farkahi
Abstract
AbstractThis research was aimed at studying the stress, anxiety, and depression epidemiology among highschoolers in Mashhad, Iran. The sample included 605 students (341 males & 264 females) coming from various grades of high school ranging in age from 14 to 19. To fulfill the objectives of the study, ...
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AbstractThis research was aimed at studying the stress, anxiety, and depression epidemiology among highschoolers in Mashhad, Iran. The sample included 605 students (341 males & 264 females) coming from various grades of high school ranging in age from 14 to 19. To fulfill the objectives of the study, three instruments (scales) were employed including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Cattell Anxiety Scale (CAS), and Children Depression Scale (CDS-A). Since the PSS and CDS-A had no norm in Iran, they were then normed revealing reliability of 0.76 for PSS through Spearmen-Brown split half while it was 0.77 through Cronbach’s alpha. Similarly, the reliability for CDS-A was 0.9 and 0.89, respectively. In addition, the validity of the tests proved to be significant at p<0.001 once the correlation of each item with the whole test was obtained. Besides, factor analysis was conducted and examining the items which had the highest loadings on each item indicated that the items of the two tests were completely reliable. The epidemiology results indicated that the stress prevalence was 9.1% among the boys and 22% among the girls while it was 14.7% in the whole sample. This implies that the EBtela rate in girls was two and half times greater that the boys.
Systematic review
ali shamsa
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is an imaging technique that provides spectroscopic information about the changes of biological markers. Studies suggest that MRS can be helpful in the prognosis of patients with diffuse axonal injury (DAI)Methods: PubMed and Scopus as two major database were systematically ...
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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is an imaging technique that provides spectroscopic information about the changes of biological markers. Studies suggest that MRS can be helpful in the prognosis of patients with diffuse axonal injury (DAI)Methods: PubMed and Scopus as two major database were systematically searched in June 2015 by using following search strategy ((((Magnetic resonance spectroscopy OR MRS OR MR spectroscopy)) AND (Diffuse axonal injury OR DAI)) AND Prognosis) to find relevant articles in which the prognostic value of MRS had been investigated in patients with traumatic DAI. All necessary information were extracted and used for data synthesis based on the main purpose of this study. Of total 19 articles found in PubMed and 151 found in Scopus, 8 documents were selected for data extraction in several steps of article selection according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. Total number of patients participated in the selected documents was 197. All of the selected documents showed that MRS can be used for quantitative analysis of metabolite changes in patients with DAI.Discussion: The results of studies show that MRS imaging as a sensitive method can quantitatively determine even small variation of metabolites. Since any changes in metabolite level of the brain after traumatic injury may be useful in the prediction of patient’s outcome; therefore, if such sensitivity of MRS is proven, this method can have prognostic value in patients with DAI. Based on the concluded results of included articles, MRS as a sensitive tools is helpful in the prognosis of patients with DAI.
Review
Hamedreza Kafash; Asghar Baradaran Rahimi; Sirous nekooei; Seyede fateme mahmoudi hashemi
Abstract
Background: Nasal airway obstruction (NAO) is a common symptom that affects a person's quality of life. It can be estimated by patient perception or by physical measurements. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used to analyze nasal ventilation modes. There is a lack of comparative studies for ...
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Background: Nasal airway obstruction (NAO) is a common symptom that affects a person's quality of life. It can be estimated by patient perception or by physical measurements. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used to analyze nasal ventilation modes. There is a lack of comparative studies for evaluation of airflow regimes using CFD.Objective of the review: Our goal was to determine the different utilities of CFD as an objective method for investigation of nasal airflow characteristics.Search strategy: Selected studies were collected from MEDLINE (Ovid), Google Scholar ,Cochrane Library and EMBASE using a combination of the MeSH terms “septal deviation”, “nasal obstruction”, “Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)”.Evaluation method: We compared all the results obtained by the authors regarding the CFD variables and the assessment of nasal obstruction (clinical or physical).Results: To compare nasal obstruction with CFD variables, most authors use heat flow, Wall Shear Stress (WSS), total pressure, velocity and streamlines. We found that heat flux appeared to be the CFD variable most strongly correlated with patient perception. Total pressure, wall shear stress and velocity are also useful and show a good correlation.Conclusion: More and more research on CFD on the nose has led to a better understanding of nasal obstruction. Further studies need to be done, including temperature and humidity exchange.
Review
Mojtaba Yousefi Zoshk; Melika Zamanian; Melika Farshidianfar; Alireza Masoumi; Mohammad Mobin Mirimoghaddam; Elahe Bakhshi; Anoush Azarfar
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has afflicted individuals of all ages, which has a high rate of morbidity and fatality. Although most children with COVID-19 infection experience minor symptoms, a growing proportion of COVID-19 infections in children are linked to a novel multisystem inflammatory ...
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has afflicted individuals of all ages, which has a high rate of morbidity and fatality. Although most children with COVID-19 infection experience minor symptoms, a growing proportion of COVID-19 infections in children are linked to a novel multisystem inflammatory syndrome with Kawasaki disease-like clinical features. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a novel hyperinflammatory syndrome that can impact about any organ system. The most frequent symptoms are fever and gastrointestinal disorders, although neurologic and dermatologic manifestations are also well-documented. The clinical symptoms of MIS-C coincide with those of Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome, and shock syndrome, making diagnosis challenging. Elevated inflammatory markers are common in MIS-C patients, and an abnormal echocardiogram or electrocardiogram may be present. Intravenous immunoglobulin, anticoagulation, and corticosteroids should all be considered in the treatment of MIS-C patients. Even those with significant cardiovascular involvement, the majority of patients recover without complications. Echocardiographic follow-up is required as coronary aneurysms have been documented. This narrative review is to review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentations, laboratory findings, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options for MIS-C patients in order to increase pediatricians’ knowledge of this novel syndrome.
Original article
Abdolhossein Noroozi; Arefeh Erfani Jazi; mohammad hashemi
Abstract
Background Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify methods for detecting composition and cheating in facial foods.materials and methods: An extensive literature review was conducted in 2021 using the electronic databases Web of Science, Scopus, SiDe, and PubMed. The search was limited to articles ...
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Background Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify methods for detecting composition and cheating in facial foods.materials and methods: An extensive literature review was conducted in 2021 using the electronic databases Web of Science, Scopus, SiDe, and PubMed. The search was limited to articles published in English from 1970 to 2022. Search terms used were "Fraud", "meat products", "Iran," " authentication," "detection," and "adulteration". Results: Genetic-based molecular tests (PCR) and less use of histological and chemical tests were used to detect fraud and its type in meat products. PCR was used in 30 cases to identify the type of cheating in meat products such as sausages. And histological methods were used in 19 cases to detect type of violation, in one case using counterfeit detection.Conclusion: Molecular methods for detecting food fraud are highly accurate and therefore have the highest detection rate. Fraud in meat-contaminated foods has been a rising global problem in recent years. Cheat food is defined as the intentional incorporation or replacement of cheaper or inferior components in foods in order to improve their quality and lessen their environmental impact. Because of this, the health of the community has been linked directly to the authenticity of meat. Identifying meat species in various meat products, on the other hand, is particularly crucial in Islamic nations where people only consume halal meat. In the last few decades, PCR-based methods have been used to check the authenticity of meat from different raw, cooked, and cooked food product